{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:08:12Z","timestamp":1791666492191,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The main goal of this post hoc analysis of the Collaboration to Collect Autologous Transplant Outcomes in Lymphoma and Myeloma (CALM) study was to evaluate the rate of short- and long-term infectious and non-infectious complications occurring after ASCT in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: The analysis included all patients with MM from the CALM study who underwent \u22651 ASCT. The primary endpoint of the analysis was to determine the rate of infectious and non-infectious complications after ASCT and to compare them in three time periods: 0\u2013100 days, 101 days\u20131 year, and &gt;1 year after the first transplant. Results: The analysis included a total of 3552 patients followed up for a median of 56.7 months (range 0.4\u2013108.1). Complication rates decreased with the time from ASCT with 24.85 cases per 100 patient-years from day 0 to 100 days after the transplant, and &lt;2.31 cases per 100 patient-years from the 101st day. At 100 days after ASC T, 45.7% of patients had complications, with infectious events being twice as frequent as non-infectious complications. Bacterial infections (6.5 cases per 100 patient-years, 95% CI: 6.1\u20137.0) and gastrointestinal complications (4.7 cases per 100 patient-years, 95% CI: 4.3\u20135.1) were the most common early events. The pattern of complications changed with time from ASCT. The presence of complications after ASCT was not associated with overall survival. Conclusions: Our data provide a solid basis for comparing ASCT-related complications to those caused by emerging treatments in multiple myeloma, such as CAR T-cell therapy and other immunotherapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11123541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T04:39:55Z","timestamp":1655786395000},"page":"3541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Complications of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma: Results from the CALM Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5626-1750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Waszczuk-Gajda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, University Clinical Centre\u2014The Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olaf","family":"Penack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, 10771 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Sbianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Koster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EBMT Data Office Leiden, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Blaise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Paoli Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Rem\u00e9nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9l-Pesti Centrumk\u00f3rh\u00e1z, 1097 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8281-3245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Ljungman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6952-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Trneny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, 12808 Prague, Czech 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UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0275-2575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyrille","family":"Touzeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stig","family":"Lenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skanes University Hospital, 23262 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esa","family":"Jantunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Hospital District of North Carelia, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4384-9031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Achilles","family":"Anagnostopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Papanicolaou General Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8248-2343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Paris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, SST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hope Directorate, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Thieblemont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital St. Louis, 75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolaas","family":"Schaap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Hematology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4524-8782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Yakoub-Agha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6138-8112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Garderet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9-INSERM, UMR_S 938, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement d\u2019H\u00e9matologie et de Th\u00e9rapie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9 Salpetri\u00e8re, 75012 Paris, 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