{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:12:33Z","timestamp":1791846753697,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometriosis seems to have a strong negative effect on female fertility. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of tubal occlusion diagnosed via laparoscopic chromopertubation in infertile women with endometriosis and compare the results to infertile women without endometriosis. In this retrospective cohort study, 275 infertile women with endometriosis and 49 infertile women without endometriosis undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy for primary or secondary infertility with chromopertubation at the Medical University of Vienna between January 2012 and December 2020 have been investigated. During the laparoscopic assessment of tubal patency, significantly more fallopian tubes were occluded in the endometriosis group compared to the control group (25.8 versus 15.3%; p = 0.029). Unilateral and bilateral occlusion was found significantly more often in patients with endometriosis (p = 0.021). In the multivariate analysis, only the rASRM stage (the revised classification of endometriosis by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine) showed a significant association with bilateral occlusion (OR 1.400, 95%CI: 1.018\u20131.926; p = 0.038). Both a higher rASRM stage (OR 2.181, 95%CI: 1.191\u20133.995; p = 0.012) and secondary infertility (OR 1.514, 95%CI: 1.156\u20131.983; p = 0.003) were associated with an increased risk for any kind of fallopian tube occlusion. Endometriosis seems to be associated with an increased risk for fallopian tube occlusion. The rate of tubal occlusion increased significantly with the rASRM stage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T01:48:38Z","timestamp":1656467318000},"page":"3750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Are the Stage and the Incidental Finding of Endometriosis Associated with Fallopian Tube Occlusion? A Retrospective Cohort Study on Laparoscopic Chromopertubation in Infertile Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mayrhofer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Preston","family":"Parry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parryscope and Positive Steps Fertility, Madison, MS 39110, USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Hager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Beitl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Kurz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2761-5262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349709024584","article-title":"Epidemiology of endometriosis in a Norwegian county","volume":"76","author":"Moen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2011.09.041","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of diagnosed endometriosis and risk of endometriosis in patients with endometriosis-related symptoms: Findings from a statutory health insurance-based cohort in Germany","volume":"160","author":"Abbas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1159\/000452660","article-title":"Prevalence and Symptomatic Burden of Diagnosed Endometriosis in the United States: National Estimates from a Cross-Sectional Survey of 59,411 Women","volume":"82","author":"Fuldeore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Investig."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137377","article-title":"Prevalence and genesis of endometriosis","volume":"6","author":"Mahmood","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.04.056","article-title":"High prevalence of endometriosis in infertile women with normal ovulation and normospermic partners","volume":"92","author":"Meuleman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13082","article-title":"Endometriosis-associated infertility: Aspects of pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options","volume":"96","author":"Tanbo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07995.x","article-title":"Endometriosis: Its association with retrograde menstruation, dysmenorrhoea and tubal pathology","volume":"93","author":"Liu","year":"1986","journal-title":"BJOG: Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05479-5","article-title":"A two-third majority of infertile women exhibit endometriosis in pre-ART diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopic chromopertubation: Only one-third have a tubal obstruction","volume":"301","author":"Nicolaus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1333483","article-title":"Oocyte Donation and Endometriosis: What Are the Lessons?","volume":"31","author":"Hauzman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.5935\/1518-0557.20190004","article-title":"Endometriosis III and IV as a risk factor for tubal obstruction in infertile women","volume":"23","author":"Approbato","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBRA Assist. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hager, M., Wenzl, R., Riesenhuber, S., Marschalek, J., Kuessel, L., Mayrhofer, D., Ristl, R., Kurz, C., and Ott, J. (2019). The Prevalence of Incidental Endometriosis in Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling for Clomiphene-Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8081210"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1155\/DTE.2.35","article-title":"Prevalence of Endometriosis Among Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Procedures","volume":"2","author":"Chu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diagn. Ther. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"513","article-title":"Prevalence of endometriosis in asymptomatic women","volume":"36","author":"Rawson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pantou, A., Simopoulou, M., Sfakianoudis, K., Giannelou, P., Rapani, A., Maziotis, E., Grigoriadis, S., Tsioulou, P., Syrkos, S., and Souretis, K. (2019). The Role of Laparoscopic Investigation in Enabling Natural Conception and Avoiding in vitro Fertilization Overuse for Infertile Patients of Unidentified Aetiology and Recurrent Implantation Failure Following in vitro Fertilization. J. Clin. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8040548"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2019.03.006","article-title":"Assessment of Tubal Patency: A Prospective Comparison of Diagnostic Hysteroscopy and Laparoscopic Chromopertubation","volume":"27","author":"Ott","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2020.01.014","article-title":"Hysteroscopic Assessment of Tubal Patency: A Randomized Comparison between the Flow and Parryscope Techniques","volume":"27","author":"Hager","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)48429-3","article-title":"Evolution of the Revised American Fertility Society Classification of Endometriosis","volume":"43","author":"Buttram","year":"1985","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60490-4","article-title":"Endometriosis and infertility: Pathophysiology and management","volume":"376","author":"Borghese","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"677","article-title":"Association between secondary infertility and fallopian tube obstruction on hysterosalpingography","volume":"53","author":"Lash","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2019.10.24538","article-title":"Hysterosalpingographic findings in primary and secondary infertility patients","volume":"40","author":"Waheed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300060520979218","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520979218","article-title":"Factors affecting the success of fallopian tube recanalization in treatment of tubal obstructive infertility","volume":"48","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"214","article-title":"Prevalence of Tubal Obstruction in the Hysterosalpingogram of Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility","volume":"14","author":"Gowri","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Infertil."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-010-0037-9","article-title":"Minor tubal defects\u2014The unnoticed causes of unexplained infertility","volume":"60","author":"Siddhartha","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynecol. India"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.31083\/j.ceog4903070","article-title":"Fallopian tube patency diagnosed by laparoscopic chromopertubation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and non-subfertile controls: A retrospective case-control study","volume":"49","author":"Mayrhofer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/13\/3750\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:39:48Z","timestamp":1760139588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/13\/3750"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11133750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11133750","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.742228253.793594190","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]}}}