{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T21:53:48Z","timestamp":1768946028276,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>After coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a global pandemic, vaccines were rapidly developed to control the spread of the virus. Although they were effective in most of the cases at protecting people from becoming seriously ill and being hospitalized, they showed side effects, too. Among other adverse vaccine reactions, cutaneous eruptions following SARS-CoV-2 have been described in the literature, but they are not well-characterized yet. We described the morphology and timing of the spectrum of cutaneous reactions following most of the COVID-19 vaccines available in Italy, which were observed in outpatients referred to our non-invasive diagnostic clinic. Most of these reactions appeared after the second or third COVID-19 vaccine dose (most of them after mRNA COVID-19 vaccines). Our data support that cutaneous reactions to COVID-19 vaccination are generally self-limited; in addition, history of allergic reaction to a specific food, medicine or vaccine should not discourage vaccination in the general population, although patients with immune dysregulation should be accurately selected and monitored. Further research is necessary to better assess the true prevalence and preventive measures of skin reactions to COVID-19 vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:21:50Z","timestamp":1656634910000},"page":"3811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cutaneous Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines in a Monocentric Study: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Cantisani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Chello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-6621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Grieco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9947-1755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norbert","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermato-Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Tammaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Mental Health and Sense Organs, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8231-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Tosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melanoma and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Division, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), European Institute of Oncology, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Paolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, San Raffaele IRCCS, 20132 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Pellacani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15056","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15056","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccines: What dermatologists should know?","volume":"34","author":"Ayatollahi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2021.08.013","article-title":"Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by Moderna COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccine","volume":"16","author":"Agaronov","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2021.10.009","article-title":"Polyethylene glycol and polysorbate testing in 12 patients before or after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine administration","volume":"128","author":"Carpenter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14972","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14972","article-title":"Pityriasis rosea infection in a COVID-19 patient successfully treated with systemic steroid and antihistamine via telemedicine: Literature update of a possible prodromal symptom of an underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"34","author":"Paolino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e172","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17807","article-title":"Lymphomatoid drug reaction developed after BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) COVID-19 vaccine manifesting as pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta-like eruption","volume":"36","author":"Sernicola","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grieco, T., Ambrosio, L., Trovato, F., Vitiello, M., Demofonte, I., Fanto, M., Paolino, G., and Pellacani, G. (2022). Effects of Vaccination against COVID-19 in Chronic Spontaneous and Inducible Urticaria (CSU\/CIU) Patients: A Monocentric Study. J. Clin. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11071822"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camargo Coronel, A., Jim\u00e9nez Balderas, F.J., Qui\u00f1ones Moya, H., Hern\u00e1ndez Zavala, M.R., Mandinabeitia Rodr\u00edguez, P., Hern\u00e1ndez V\u00e1zquez, J.R., Zamora Zarco, S., and Aguilar Castillo, S.J. (2022). Dermatomyositis post vaccine against SARS-COV2. BMC Rheumatol., 6.","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-022-00250-6"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12658","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12658","article-title":"Clinical relapse of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following COVID-19 vaccination","volume":"6","author":"Deucher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res. Pract. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"e932899","article-title":"Editorial: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines and the Possible Mechanism of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT)","volume":"27","author":"Parums","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i11.1102","article-title":"Impaired coagulation, liver dysfunction and COVID-19: Discovering an intriguing relationship","volume":"28","author":"Boccatonda","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15146","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15146","article-title":"Sweet syndrome after Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222) in an elderly female","volume":"34","author":"Majid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3194","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14981","article-title":"Sweet syndrome induced by SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine","volume":"76","author":"Darrigade","year":"2021","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2021.198","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis","volume":"36","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e562","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.16138","article-title":"Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine-induced acute localized exanthematous pustulosis","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-021-00592-0","article-title":"Type I and III interferon responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nln, I., Fernandez-Ruiz, R., Wampler Muskardin, T.L., Paredes, J.L., Blazer, A.D., Tuminello, S., Attur, M., Iturrate, E., Petrilli, C.M., and Abramson, S.B. (2021). Interferon pathway lupus risk alleles modulate risk of death from acute COVID-19. medRxiv, in press.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.11.01.21265766"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"e466","article-title":"Atypical erythema multiforme related to BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine","volume":"60","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/13\/3811\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:41:28Z","timestamp":1760139688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/13\/3811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11133811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11133811","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]}}}