{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T04:37:47Z","timestamp":1762058267915,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007316","name":"Klaus Tschira Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00.277.2015","01ZZ1801E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00.277.2015","01ZZ1801E"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00.277.2015","01ZZ1801E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00.277.2015","01ZZ1801E"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Data on sepsis in patients with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are scarce. We assessed the impact of different sepsis criteria on the outcome in an SAH cohort. Adult patients admitted to our ICU with a spontaneous SAH between 11\/2014 and 11\/2018 were retrospectively included. In patients developing an infection, different criteria for sepsis diagnosis (Sepsis-1, Sepsis-3_original, Sepsis-3_modified accounting for SAH-specific therapy, alternative sepsis criteria compiled of consensus conferences) were applied and their impact on functional outcome using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on hospital discharge and in-hospital mortality was evaluated. Of 270 SAH patients, 129 (48%) developed an infection. Depending on the underlying criteria, the incidence of sepsis and septic shock ranged between 21\u201346% and 9\u201339%. In multivariate logistic regression, the Sepsis-1 criteria were not associated with the outcome. The Sepsis-3 criteria were not associated with the functional outcome, but in shock with mortality. Alternative sepsis criteria were associated with mortality for sepsis and in shock with mortality and the functional outcome. While Sepsis-1 criteria were irrelevant for the outcome in SAH patients, septic shock, according to the Sepsis-3 criteria, adversely impacted survival. This impact was higher for the modified Sepsis-3 criteria, accounting for SAH-specific treatment. Modified Sepsis-3 and alternative sepsis criteria diagnosed septic conditions of a higher relevance for outcomes in patients with an SAH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T11:15:05Z","timestamp":1656933305000},"page":"3873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparative Analyses of the Impact of Different Criteria for Sepsis Diagnosis on Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7455-1361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franz-Simon","family":"Centner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariella Eliana","family":"Oster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franz-Joseph","family":"Dally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Sauter-Servaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Pelzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2408-6884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen Johannes","family":"Schoettler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianka","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna-Meagan","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"Abdulazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina Antonia Margarete","family":"Hackenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Groden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Etminan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3037-0144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joerg","family":"Krebs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Wenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1589-8699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9 Elod","family":"Maros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics at the Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health (CPD-BW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-019-0562-3","article-title":"Incidence and impact of sepsis on long-term outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage: A prospective observational study","volume":"9","author":"Kurtz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. 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