{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T20:16:22Z","timestamp":1770236182253,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the sudden onset of a temporary memory disorder with profound anterograde amnesia and a variable impairment of the past memory. Usually, the attacks are preceded by a precipitating event, last up to 24 h and are not associated with other neurological deficits. Diagnosis can be challenging because the identification of TGA requires the exclusion of some acute amnestic syndromes that occur in emergency situations and share structural or functional alterations of memory circuits. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies performed 24\u201396 h after symptom onset can help to confirm the diagnosis by identifying lesions in the CA1 field of the hippocampal cornu ammonis, but their practical utility in changing the management of patients is a matter of discussion. In this review, we aim to provide a practical approach to early recognition of this condition in daily practice, highlighting both the lights and the shadows of the diagnostic criteria. For this purpose, we summarize current knowledge about the clinical presentation, diagnostic pathways, differential diagnosis, and the expected long-term outcome of TGA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11143940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T09:41:10Z","timestamp":1657100470000},"page":"3940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Forgetting the Unforgettable: Transient Global Amnesia Part II: A Clinical Road Map"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0549-2406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Sparaco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology with Stroke Unit, Department of Neurosciences, A.O. \u201cSan Pio\u201d, P.O. \u201cG. Rummo\u201d, Via Dell\u2019Angelo 1, 82100 Benevento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0512-9298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Pascarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmine Franco","family":"Muccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, A.O. \u201cSan Pio\u201d, P.O. \u201cG. Rummo\u201d, Via Dell\u2019Angelo 1, 82100 Benevento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Zedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit-Stroke Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.10.834","article-title":"Syndromes of transient amnesia: Towards a classification. A study of 153 cases","volume":"53","author":"Hodges","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.3.639","article-title":"The aetiology of transient global amnesia. 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