{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T06:04:33Z","timestamp":1781762673731,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CMRPG3L0331"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare inflammatory disease often associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whether the midline transperitoneal or the flank retroperitoneal approach is superior remains unknown. We searched through pathology databases and reviewed 86 patients with an XGP diagnosis from 2000 to 2021 at our institution. After the patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, 35 patients who had undergone nephrectomy through the midline transperitoneal or the flank retroperitoneal laparotomy approach were recruited. Nine (25.71%) of the thirty-five patients underwent nephrectomy through a midline approach, whereas twenty-six (74.29%) received a flank approach. Patients in the midline approach group had a longer surgical time (p = 0.03) than those in the flank approach group. In addition, patients in the flank approach group took less time after surgery to resume oral intake than those in the midline approach group (p = 0.01). No significant differences in the rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications such as peritonitis or intraabdominal infection were observed between the groups. For the patients with XGP who are good candidates for surgery, nephrectomy is a relatively safe surgical treatment method. Both surgical methods produced favorable surgical outcomes, and the patients who received these methods had similar complication rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11154476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T02:06:42Z","timestamp":1659319602000},"page":"4476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Surgery for Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis: A Comparison of Midline Transperitoneal and Flank Retroperitoneal Laparotomy Approaches to Nephrectomy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8490-6736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Han","family":"Tsao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ho","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deartment of Emergency Medicine, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8524-8253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Horng-Heng","family":"Juang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9923-5747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Hsiang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8020-3638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei-Shan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phei-Lang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0322-4072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien-Lun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Pang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Healthcare Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Gilbert, S., and Weiner, D. 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