{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:07:17Z","timestamp":1790996837113,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: To evaluate the visual outcome of penetrating ocular injuries with a retained intraocular foreign body (IOFB) managed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and to describe the risk factors associated with poor visual acuity and retinal detachment (RD) development. Methods: Medical records of 56 patients with IOFB that were removed by PPV over a period of 11 years (1 January 2010\u201331 December 2020) were reviewed. We extracted the demographic data, initial and final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using standard Snellen chart, IOFB characteristics, complications and surgical details. Outcome was evaluated according to the final BCVA: poor &lt;0.1, good 0.1\u2013&lt;0.5 or excellent \u22650.5. Results: The mean age was 36.1 \u00b1 14.1 (range, 16\u201371) years and the majority of patients were males (55 out of 56, 98.2%). IOFB was retinal in 27 (48.2%) cases and intravitreal in 29 cases (51.8%). IOFB size was \u22643mm in 26 (46.4%) cases and &gt;3mm in 30 (53.6%) cases. Preoperative RD was identified in 12 (21.4%) cases and endophthalmitis in 17 cases (30.4%). IOFBs larger than 3 mm and retinal location were associated with RD development. Poor visual outcome was associated with initial BCVA, retinal location, RD and endophthalmitis. Conclusion: Initial BCVA, retinal foreign body, RD and endophthalmitis were risk factors for poor visual outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11154482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T21:01:24Z","timestamp":1659387684000},"page":"4482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Outcomes and Prognostic Factors Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Intraocular Foreign Bodies\u201411-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary Care Center"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"M\u0103d\u0103lina Claudia","family":"Hapca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babe\u0219 Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George Adrian","family":"Muntean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babe\u0219 Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iulia Andrada Neme\u0219","family":"Dr\u0103gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babe\u0219 Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, 3\u20135 Clinicilor Str., 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4549-3526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0218tefan Cristian","family":"Vesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7886-2044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona Delia","family":"Nicoar\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babe\u0219 Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8, V. Babe\u0219 Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, 3\u20135 Clinicilor Str., 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicoar\u0103, S.D., Irimescu, I., C\u0103linici, T., and Cristian, C. (2015). Intraocular foreign bodies extracted by pars plana vitrectomy: Clinical characteristics, management, outcomes and prognostic factors. 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