{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T04:07:42Z","timestamp":1773720462086,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Richter\u2019s syndrome represents the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to more aggressive diseases, most frequently diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, while Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma (HL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) are rarely described. The first case involved a 67-year-old man with a diagnosis of a high-risk stage-II CLL treated with rituximab and ibrutinib, developed a HL nodular sclerosis variant after three months of therapy for CLL. After achieving a complete remission for HL and ibrutinib cessation because of drug-related cardiotoxicity, the patient relapsed after five months off-therapy and died due to disease progression after two cycles of brentuximab-vedotin. The second case involved an 83-year-old female with a diagnosis of stage-IV CLL treated with rituximab plus bendamustine who developed a HCL eight years later. Pentostatin was unsuccessfully employed as upfront HCL therapy, and the patient was then switched to rituximab while in remission for CLL. In conclusion, Richter\u2019s transformation risk rate might be higher in patients treated with novel targeted therapies, and multiparametric flow cytometry and lymph node biopsy at relapse could help in early identifying small clones. The treatment of predominant neoplasia is mandatory, and disease-specific drugs are administered; however, clinical efficacy might be lower in these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11164674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T09:42:56Z","timestamp":1660124576000},"page":"4674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hodgkin Lymphoma and Hairy Cell Leukemia Arising from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Case Reports and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"D\u2019Addona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7492-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Pezzullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ciancia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy Pathology Unit, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Baldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy Pathology Unit, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Gorrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Bertolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annapaola","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Fresolone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Manzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-5925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pio","family":"Zeppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy"},{"name":"Anatomy Pathology Unit, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Serio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d\u2019Aragona\u201d, 84131 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5861-8984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Selleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital \u201cSan 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