{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:29Z","timestamp":1787028629349,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["81670883"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81670883"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To analyze the relationship between the severity of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous fluid. Methods: The aqueous VEGF levels of 49 patients (88 eyes) with type 1 ROP were retrospectively analyzed. These eyes were categorized into three groups according to the severity of disease: aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (A-ROP), threshold of ROP (T-ROP), and type 1 pre-threshold ROP (P-T-1). The differences in aqueous VEGF levels among these three groups were compared. The relationship between the aqueous VEGF level and the retinal changes of ROP, including the vessel tortuosity in zone I, and the location and stage of the ROP lesions, were also analyzed. Results: The aqueous VEGF level of the A-ROP group was the highest among the three groups, followed by those of the T-ROP and P-T-1 groups. The aqueous VEGF level was negatively correlated with the zone and the stage of the ROP diseases, while it was positively correlated with the venous tortuosity in zone I and had no relevance with the artery tortuosity in zone I. Conclusions: The aqueous VEGF level in A-ROP was the highest in type I ROP. The location of the ROP lesions and the venous tortuosity in zone I correlated with the aqueous VEGF level and could indicate the severity of ROP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11185361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T22:37:28Z","timestamp":1663108648000},"page":"5361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Relationship between the Aqueous VEGF Level and the Severity of Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1022-9258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianwei","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuyun","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing GIANTMED Medical Diagnostics Lab, Beijing 101300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1443-2667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaguang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhui","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding Children\u2019s Hospital, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6618-4410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunxia","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningdong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity\u2014Use of Anti-VEGF Therapy","volume":"7","author":"Tran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac. 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