{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T16:19:37Z","timestamp":1787933977353,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["21H03309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H03309"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with decreased skeletal muscle mass but remains unclear in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) undergoing comprehensive outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Therefore, this study investigates the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on the outcomes of patients with CVD and T2DM undergoing comprehensive outpatient CR. The study included 402 patients with CVD and T2DM who participated in comprehensive outpatient CR. Physical functions (grip strength, maximal quadriceps isometric strength, usual gait speed, and 6-minute walking distance) were measured at discharge as baseline and 5 months thereafter, and the association between physical functions and SGLT2 inhibitor use was reviewed. Physical functions improved regardless of SGLT2 inhibitor use. Multiple regression analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitor use was not associated with improvement or decline in physical functions (p \u2265 0.05). The use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with CVD and T2DM undergoing outpatient CR did not impair improvement in physical functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11195956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T20:49:31Z","timestamp":1665348571000},"page":"5956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association between SGLT2 Inhibitors and Cardiac Rehabilitation Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ayuko","family":"Kashima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7706-9511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kentaro","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8338-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Hamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4680-1068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masashi","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Research, ARCE Inc., Sagamihara 252-0306, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"},{"name":"Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Laboratory, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Hotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emi","family":"Maekawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3890-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minako","family":"Yamaoka-Tojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0190-707X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsuhiko","family":"Matsunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Ako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"Cd003331","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with heart 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