{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:28Z","timestamp":1787028628247,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PDF-2012-05-430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDF-2012-05-430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of pulmonary regurgitation (PR) on left ventricular ventriculo\u2013arterial (VA) coupling in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). It was hypothesised that increasing PR severity results in a smaller forward compression wave (FCW) peak in the aortic wave intensity, because of right-to-left ventricular interactions. The use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived wave-intensity analysis provided a non-invasive comparison between patients with varying PR degrees. A total of n = 201 patients were studied and both hemodynamic and wave-intensity data were compared. Wave-intensity peaks and areas of the forward compression and forward expansion waves were calculated as surrogates of ventricular function. Any extent of PR resulted in a significant reduction in the FCW peak. A correlation was found between aortic distensibility and the FCW peak, suggesting unfavourable (VA) coupling in patients that also present stiffer ascending aortas. Data suggest that VA coupling is affected by increased impedance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11206186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T22:49:46Z","timestamp":1666306186000},"page":"6186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Relationship between Pulmonary Regurgitation and Ventriculo\u2013Arterial Interactions in Patients with Post-Early Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Insights from Wave-Intensity Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nikesh","family":"Arya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Schievano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3HJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Caputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK"},{"name":"Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol & Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3HJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0413-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Biglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK"},{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2891191","article-title":"Forward and Backward Running Waves in the Arteries: Analysis Using the Method of Characteristics","volume":"112","author":"Parker","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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