{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:15:23Z","timestamp":1762074923420,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives (ZENKYOREN)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>When visualizing biological activity at nonunion sites by the radioisotopes, gamma rays are more attenuated if metal implants are placed in the bone. However, the effects of various implant types and their placement on gamma ray attenuation in quantitative evaluation remain unknown. To elucidate these effects, we created a phantom that simulated the nonunion of the femur in this study. The count of gamma rays was measured by single-photon emission computed tomography\/computed tomography (SPECT\/CT) while considering CT-based attenuation correction (CTAC), metal implant placement, type (intramedullary nail or plate), and position. The count differed significantly with and without CTAC and with and without implants (both types) under CTAC. Significantly different counts were observed between the intramedullary nail and plate placed contralaterally to the lesion (i.e., non-lesion side). No significant difference was observed between the intramedullary nail and plate on the lesion side or between plates on the non-lesion and lesion sides. The measured standardized uptake value (SUV) was closer to the true SUV with CTAC than without. Moreover, the count was higher with implants than without. However, even with implants, it was lower than the actual count, indicating the absence of overcorrection. Implant type and position do not seem to influence the count.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11226732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T02:32:16Z","timestamp":1668479536000},"page":"6732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influence of Metal Implants on Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography\/Computed Tomography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Oe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feibi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0951-5812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Niikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Fukui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Sawauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4846-5662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munenobu","family":"Nogami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"},{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takamichi","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.03.036","article-title":"An inception cohort analysis to predict nonunion in tibia and 17 other fracture locations","volume":"48","author":"Zura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1907.001","article-title":"Fracture non-union: A review of clinical challenges and future research needs","volume":"13","author":"Stewart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Malays. 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