{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:20:00Z","timestamp":1788553200736,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (Ricerca Corrente)","award":["5X1000 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5X1000 2019"]}]},{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (Ricerca Corrente)","award":["RCR-2019-23669121-Cat"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCR-2019-23669121-Cat"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health, under the Aging Network of Italian Research Hospitals (IRCCS)","award":["5X1000 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5X1000 2019"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health, under the Aging Network of Italian Research Hospitals (IRCCS)","award":["RCR-2019-23669121-Cat"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCR-2019-23669121-Cat"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoarthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects all of the joints, especially those of the elderly. Aging is a natural and irreversible biological process implicated in the pathophysiology of many chronic diseases, such as osteoarthritis. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the main factors involved in osteoarthritis and aging, respectively, with the production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL1\u03b2) and reactive oxygen species. The aim of the study was to set-up an in vitro model of osteoarthritis and aging, focusing on the sex differences by culturing male and female fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) with IL1\u03b2, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), IL1\u03b2+H2O2 or a growth medium (control). IL1\u03b2+H2O2 reduced the cell viability and microwound healing potential, increased Caspase-3 expression and reactive oxygen species and IL6 production; IL1\u03b2 increased IL6 production more than the other conditions did; H2O2 increased Caspase-3 expression and reactive oxygen species production; Klotho expression showed no differences among the treatments. The FLSs from female donors demonstrated a better response capacity in unfavorable conditions of inflammation and oxidative stress than those from the male donors did. This study developed culture conditions to mimic the aging and osteoarthritis microenvironment to evaluate the behavior of the FLSs which play a fundamental role in joint homeostasis, focusing on the sex-related aspects that are relevant in the osteoarthritis pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11237125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T08:46:41Z","timestamp":1669798001000},"page":"7125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Ageing and Osteoarthritis Synergically Affect Human Synoviocyte Cells: An In Vitro Study on Sex Differences"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Veronesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8611-5794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deyanira","family":"Contartese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6327-4653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Borsari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4055-3828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Fini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Direction, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-0601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"De Mattei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6241-3669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matilde","family":"Tschon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.71360","article-title":"Metformin in aging and aging-related diseases: Clinical applications and relevant mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.12.003","article-title":"Guidelines for the conduct of pharmacological clinical trials in hand osteoarthritis: Consensus of a Working Group of the European Society on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO)","volume":"48","author":"Reginster","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. 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