{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:57:30Z","timestamp":1791453450293,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Align Technology (United States)","award":["2017 International Align Research Award Grant; International Align Research Award Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017 International Align Research Award Grant; International Align Research Award Grant"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: To evaluate the dental effects of the treatment with clear aligners and intermaxillary elastics in adult patients with Class II malocclusion. Material and methods: A sample of 20 Class II patients treated with Invisalign aligners (5 M and 15 F; mean age of 27.6 \u00b1 6.3 years) was included in this single-center one-group longitudinal study. Dental cast and cephalometric records were analyzed before (T0) and after treatment (T1). Data were analyzed with a t-test for paired data (p &lt; 0.05). Results: There was a significant reduction of the Overjet (OVJ= \u22121.4 \u00b1 0.2; p \u22640.001) and a retroposition of upper incisors (U1-NPo = \u22121.3 \u00b1 1.7; p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, distalization of upper molars with an improvement of molar class (U6-PT Vertical = \u22120.93 \u00b1 0.97; p &lt; 0.001; Molar Relation = \u22120.75 \u00b1 0.45; p &lt; 0.001) was observed. A good control of the lower and upper incisor inclination was present, highlighted by the non-significant changes in these values (L1-GoGn = \u22120.12 \u00b1 5.4; p = 0.923; U1-AnsPns = \u22121.1 \u00b1 8.1; p = 0.551). In the lower arch, an increase in the intermolar diameter (0.6 \u00b1 1.0; p = 0.01) was present. Finally, there were no statistically significant changes in all the skeletal variables (ANPg = 0.005 \u00b1 0.687; p = 0.974; SN\/MP = \u22120.47 \u00b1 1.9; p = 0.298). Conclusions: Treatment with Invisalign aligners shows a reduction of the Overjet, a retroposition of the upper incisors, good control of the lower incisors, and an improvement of the molar relationship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T04:34:20Z","timestamp":1670819660000},"page":"7333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Class II Malocclusion in Adult Patients: What Are the Effects of the Intermaxillary Elastics with Clear Aligners? A Retrospective Single Center One-Group Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9741-794X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Rongo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Diani\u0161kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbov\u00e1 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Spiezia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2588-2949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosaria","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambrosina","family":"Michelotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1695-0927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"D\u2019Ant\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjr086","article-title":"Adult Patients\u2019 Adjustability to Orthodontic Appliances. 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