{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:49:39Z","timestamp":1789778979550,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: To study the macrophage-like cells (MLC) of the inner retinal surface in eyes with retinal vein occlusions (RVO) and the association of MLC with clinical characteristics of RVO. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the medical records and multimodal imaging data of treatment-na\u00efve patients with unilateral RVO and no abnormalities of vitreoretinal interface electronic were reviewed and analyzed. To visualize MLC, structural projections of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography scans within a slab between two inner limiting membrane segmentation lines (with 0 and \u22129 \u00b5m offset) were evaluated. The density of MLC was calculated and compared between affected and fellow eyes of each patient with regards to OCT and clinical characteristics of RVO. Results: Thirty-six eyes (twenty-eight branch RVO and eight central RVO) of 36 patients (21 males and 15 females, mean age 48.9 \u00b1 9.8 years) were included. The density of MLC in affected eye was statistically significantly higher than that of the fellow eye, 8.5 \u00b1 5.5 and 4.0 \u00b1 3.6 cells\/mm2, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The MLC density in the affected eye had a statistically significantly correlation with that of the fellow eye (r = 0.76, p = 0.0001), but with none of the OCT and clinical characteristics of the affected eye apart from the presence of subfoveal fluid. Eyes with subfoveal fluid had a statistically significantly higher mean number of MLC than that of eyes without subfoveal fluid, 12.6 \u00b1 6.3 and 6.9 \u00b1 4.0 cells\/mm2, respectively (p = 0.009). Conclusion: The number of MLC on the inner retinal surface increases in RVO eyes which may reflect the activation of inflammatory pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T08:41:41Z","timestamp":1671439301000},"page":"7470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Retinal Macrophage-Like Cells as a Biomarker of Inflammation in Retinal Vein Occlusions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6598-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitrii S.","family":"Maltsev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy, 21, Botkinskaya St, 194044 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexei N.","family":"Kulikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy, 21, Botkinskaya St, 194044 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaroslava V.","family":"Volkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy, 21, Botkinskaya St, 194044 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Burnasheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy, 21, Botkinskaya St, 194044 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander S.","family":"Vasiliev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Military Medical Academy, 21, Botkinskaya St, 194044 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724780","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/724780","article-title":"Risk Factors for Central and Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Meta-Analysis of Published Clinical Data","volume":"2014","author":"Kolar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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Eye Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/24\/7470\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:42:38Z","timestamp":1760146958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/11\/24\/7470"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm11247470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11247470","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]}}}