{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:32:35Z","timestamp":1792600355724,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Avoidance behavior in adults with chronic dizziness is common. Here, we analyzed factors that are associated with avoidance behavior in a sample of adults with chronic dizziness and\/or vertigo. Therefore, 595 patients with chronic vertigo and dizziness who had been subjected to our 5-day multimodal treatment program in a tertiary care outpatient clinic for vertigo and dizziness were prospectively investigated. Both general and dizziness\/vertigo-specific data were collected at baseline (n = 595) and at 6-month follow-up (n = 262). Avoidance behavior was measured using the Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia (MI). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to estimate anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). At baseline, higher MI (higher level of avoidance) was associated with female gender, higher HADS-D, higher HADS-A, and of a higher age. HADS-D provoked the strongest effect on public places, while gender had the strongest effect on open spaces. The majority (79%) reported improvement of MI and 21% reported that MI had worsened or remained stable at follow-up. In the Generalized Estimating Equations, female gender, higher HADS-A, higher HADS-D, and of a higher age predicted higher MI at follow-up. In particular, older female persons with depressive and anxiety symptoms have a high risk for avoidance behavior related to dizziness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T08:41:41Z","timestamp":1671439301000},"page":"7473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Avoidance Behavior in Patients with Chronic Dizziness: A Prospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6423-3108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tino","family":"Prell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Halle University Hospital, 06120 Halle, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Healthy Ageing, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3191-2796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubertus","family":"Axer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmi004","article-title":"The prevalence of ear, nose and throat problems in the community: Results from a national cross-sectional postal survey in Scotland","volume":"22","author":"Hannaford","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fam. 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