{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:28:56Z","timestamp":1767706136927,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The occurrence and course of immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) following COVID-19 vaccination has been little explored so far. We retrieved, among adult patients hospitalized at the Internal Department of a French university hospital up to May 2022, all those who had developed, or relapsed to, an IMD less than 3 weeks following COVID-19 vaccination, without other triggers. Twenty-seven (24 new-onset) post-COVID-19 vaccine IMDs were recorded. They comprised giant cell arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica (n = 16, HLA-DRB1*04 in 58% of 12 assessed GCA cases), immune-mediated necrotizing myositis or acute rhabdomyolysis, systemic vasculitis, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, anti-synthetase syndrome, and adult-onset Still\u2019s disease. The causative vaccines were mRNA-based (20 cases) or viral vector-based (7 cases). The IMD typically occurred after the first vaccine dose, with an average delay of 8 (5 SD) days. The patients\u2019 mean age was 67 years, and 58% were women. The IMDs had protracted courses in all but three of the patients and typically required high-dose glucocorticoids, in combination with immunomodulators in 13 patients. One patient died of intractable rhabdomyolysis, whereas five suffered permanent damage from IMDs. Eleven patients with well-controlled IMDs completed their COVID-19 vaccination schedule, and two suffered mild IMD relapses. There is a risk of IMDs, notably GCA\/PMR, and muscle disorders, following COVID-19 vaccination. Such adverse reactions typically occurred after the first dose, raising concern about subsequent COVID-19 vaccinations. However, early re-challenge in well-controlled IMDs appeared safe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T08:41:41Z","timestamp":1671439301000},"page":"7484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Immune-Mediated Diseases Following COVID-19 Vaccination: Report of a Teaching Hospital-Based Case-Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Liozon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Filloux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Immunogenetics, University Hospital of Limoges, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1790-2962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Parreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Gondran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holy","family":"Bezanahary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8511-903X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim-Heang","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Laure","family":"Fauchais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Dupuytren University Hospital, 87042 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034577","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine","volume":"383","author":"Polack","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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