{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:33:15Z","timestamp":1791862395989,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: complete uterine septum, double cervix and vaginal septum is a rare complex M\u00fcllerian anomaly affecting patients\u2019 quality of life in terms of fertility and pelvic pain. The aim of our review is to gather the studies concerning the diagnosis and treatment this complex malformation and to describe the related fertility outcomes. Methods: this study was conducted in 2022, according to the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the protocol was submitted to the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases were searched to find eligible articles. In total, 538 articles were identified through literature research. A total of ten articles satisfied the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. Results: 86 affected women were evaluated, and 71 of them were treated. Almost all patients included in our research presented with primary infertility or with a history of recurrent miscarriages; half of all patients also reported dyspareunia. After surgical treatment, 47 pregnancies were achieved: 41 live birth and ongoing pregnancies and six spontaneous miscarriages occurred; a significantly lower miscarriage rate was reported after surgical treatment. Conclusion: hysteroscopic treatment of U2b C2 V1 anomaly can be safely performed, leading to favorable fertility outcomes, measured as the achievement of pregnancy and a reduction in miscarriage rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T02:55:07Z","timestamp":1672109707000},"page":"189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Complete Uterine Septum, Double Cervix and Vaginal Septum (U2b C2 V1): Hysteroscopic Management and Fertility Outcomes\u2014A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Parodi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Lavagna Hospital, ASL4 Liguria, 16033 Lavagna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilda","family":"Hoxhaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Dinoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariateresa","family":"Mirandola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Pozzati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghergana","family":"Topouzova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia Carla","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Scambia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7813-7993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Catena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det098","article-title":"The ESHRE\/ESGE consensus on the classification of female genital tract congenital anomalies","volume":"28","author":"Grimbizis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. 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