{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T08:05:49Z","timestamp":1772870749654,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) is a condition of the oral cavity in which an abnormally short lingual frenulum affects the tongue\u2019s mobility. Literature on the correlation between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is scarce. The main objective of this study was to report our preliminary experience in adult OSA patients before and after ankyloglossia treatment, using drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to evaluate the upper airway modifications resulting after treatment, and to present a systematic review of the impact of ankyloglossia and its treatment on OSA adults. We found that, after frenotomy, regarding the DISE findings, and according to the VOTE classification, two of the three patients showed an improvement in tongue level, from 2A-P (complete anteroposterior collapse) to 1ap (partial anteroposterior collapse). The third patient showed no changes in his UA after frenotomy, neither worsening nor showing improvement. Thus, the results of this study suggest that frenotomy in OSA patients with ankyloglossia could reduce tongue collapse, probably by allowing the tongue to take into the physiological position in the oral cavity. These patients should undergo speech therapy and oropharyngeal exercises prior to any surgical procedure, in order to avoid glossoptosis and to improve the quality of life and sleep apnea results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T05:31:54Z","timestamp":1672205514000},"page":"201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Does Frenotomy Modify Upper Airway Collapse in OSA Adult Patients? Case Report and Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Eduardo J.","family":"Correa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Quir\u00f3nsalud Marbella, 29603 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1670-4235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"O\u2019Connor-Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Quir\u00f3nsalud Marbella, 29603 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5148-5111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Alcal\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Quir\u00f3nsalud Marbella, 29603 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5005-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Benjumea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Quir\u00f3nsalud Marbella, 29603 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Casado-Morente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Quir\u00f3nsalud Marbella, 29603 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra, 31007 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuele","family":"Casale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University, Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Moffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University, Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6409-4921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Plaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28042 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.126.1.36","article-title":"Ankyloglossia: Incidence and Associated Feeding Difficulties","volume":"126","author":"Messner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.5.e63","article-title":"Ankyloglossia: Assessment, Incidence, and Effect of Frenuloplasty on the Breastfeeding Dyad","volume":"110","author":"Ballard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2007.05.018","article-title":"Familial Ankyloglossia (Tongue-Tie)","volume":"71","author":"Klockars","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"CD011065","article-title":"Frenotomy for Tongue-Tie in Newborn Infants","volume":"3","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820915457","article-title":"Clinical Consensus Statement: Ankyloglossia in Children","volume":"162","author":"Messner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Neck Surg. Off. J. Am. Acad. Otolaryngol. Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-016-1452-7","article-title":"Toward a Functional Definition of Ankyloglossia: Validating Current Grading Scales for Lingual Frenulum Length and Tongue Mobility in 1052 Subjects","volume":"21","author":"Yoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2017.0948","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Ankyloglossia in Newborns and Infants: A Review","volume":"143","author":"Walsh","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12802","article-title":"The Effect of Ankyloglossia and Tongue-Tie Division on Speech Articulation: A Systematic Review","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Paediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01108.x","article-title":"Ankyloglossia: A Morphofunctional Investigation in Children","volume":"11","author":"Ruffoli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bro\u017cek-M\u0105dry, E., Burska, Z., Ste\u0107, Z., Burghard, M., and Krzeski, A. (2021). Short Lingual Frenulum and Head-Forward Posture in Children with the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol., 144.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2021.110699"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00043-2016","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00043-2016","article-title":"A Frequent Phenotype for Pediatric Sleep Apnea: Short Lingual Frenulum","volume":"2","author":"Guilleminault","year":"2016","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"259","article-title":"Ankyloglossia (Tongue-Tie): A Diagnostic and Treatment Quandary","volume":"30","author":"Kotlow","year":"1999","journal-title":"Quintessence Int."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4358-1-3","article-title":"Reliability of the Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function","volume":"1","author":"Amir","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Breastfeed. J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.52010\/ijom.2012.38.1.7","article-title":"Lingual Frenulum Protocol","volume":"38","author":"Marchesan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunctional Ther."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F344","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307503","article-title":"The Development of a Tongue Assessment Tool to Assist with Tongue-Tie Identification","volume":"100","author":"Ingram","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.75472.1","article-title":"Tongue+ Protocol for the Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Quir\u00f3nsalud Marbella Hospital","volume":"11","year":"2022","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1467-74","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0660","article-title":"Treatment of Ankyloglossia for Reasons Other than Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review","volume":"135","author":"Chinnadurai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zsab217","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsab217","article-title":"Reduced Tongue Mobility: An Unrecognized Risk Factor of Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"45","author":"Yuen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, K.B., Movahed, R., Malhotra, R.K., and Stanley, J.J. (2021). Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea an Evidence-Based, Multidisciplinary Textbook, Springer. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-54146-0"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Bikov, A., and Dragonieri, S. (2020). Obstructive Sleep Apnea Epidemiology, Pathomechanism and Treatment, MDPI AG PP."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200806-981OC","article-title":"Effects of Oropharyngeal Exercises on Patients with Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","volume":"179","author":"Drager","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4652","article-title":"Myofunctional Therapy to Treat Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"38","author":"Camacho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.05.015","article-title":"Effect of Exercise Training on Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"116","author":"Aiello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-2953","article-title":"Effects of Oropharyngeal Exercises on Snoring: A Randomized Trial","volume":"148","author":"Ieto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mediano, O., Romero-Peralta, S., Resano, P., Cano-Pumarega, I., S\u00e1nchez-De-la-torre, M., Castillo-Garc\u00eda, M., Mart\u00ednez-S\u00e1nchez, A.B., Ortigado, A., and Garc\u00eda-R\u00edo, F. (2019). Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Emerging Treatments Targeting the Genioglossus Muscle. J. Clin. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8101754"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13247","article-title":"Sensorimotor Tongue Evaluation and Rehabilitation in Patients with Sleep-Disordered Breathing: A Novel Approach","volume":"48","author":"Baptista","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5772","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245772","article-title":"Improving Adherence to Myofunctional Therapy in the Treatment of Sleep-Disordered Breathing","volume":"10","author":"Garcia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23123","DOI":"10.2196\/23123","article-title":"Myofunctional Therapy App for Severe Apnea\u2013Hypopnea Sleep Obstructive Syndrome: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"8","author":"Ruiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"4157898","article-title":"Floppy Closing Door Epiglottis Treated Successfully with an Mhealth Application Based on Myofunctional Therapy: A Case Report","volume":"2019","year":"2019","journal-title":"Case Rep. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carrasco-Llatas, M., Matarredona-Quiles, S., De Vito, A., Chong, K.B., and Vicini, C. (2019). Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: Technique, Indications, Tips and Pitfalls. Healthcare, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare7030093"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page, M.J., McKenzie, J.E., Bossuyt, P.M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T.C., Mulrow, C.D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J.M., Akl, E.A., and Brennan, S.E. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews. BMJ, 372.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2020.01.008","article-title":"A Full Systematic Review Was Completed in 2 Weeks Using Automation Tools: A Case Study","volume":"121","author":"Clark","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan-a Web and Mobile App for Systematic Reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30500","DOI":"10.2196\/30500","article-title":"Muscular Assessment in Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Protocol for a Case-Control Study","volume":"10","author":"Borrmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Res. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-013-9451-3","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Measurements of Tongue and Hand Strength and Endurance Using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI)","volume":"28","author":"Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1633-8","article-title":"Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: The VOTE Classification","volume":"268","author":"Kezirian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13213","article-title":"European Position Paper on Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: 2017 Update","volume":"43","author":"Ravesloot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-014-0989-6","article-title":"European Position Paper on Drug-Induced Sedation Endoscopy (DISE)","volume":"18","author":"Vanni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.297","article-title":"Lingual Frenuloplasty with Myofunctional Therapy: Exploring Safety and Efficacy in 348 Cases","volume":"4","author":"Zaghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922820928055","article-title":"Functional Improvements of Speech, Feeding, and Sleep After Lingual Frenectomy Tongue-Tie Release: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"59","author":"Baxter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2021.09.008","article-title":"Is Ankyloglossia Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea?","volume":"88","author":"Bussi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bargiel, J., Gontarz, M., G\u0105siorowski, K., Marecik, T., Szczurowski, P., Zapa\u0142a, J., and Wyszy\u0144ska-Pawelec, G. (2021). Miofrenuloplasty for Full Functional Tongue Release in Ankyloglossia in Adults and Adolescents\u2014Preliminary Report and Step-by-Step Technique Showcase. Medicina, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57080848"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"e23274","article-title":"Laser-Assisted Frenectomy Followed by Post-Operative Tongue Exercises in Ankyloglossia: A Report of Two Cases","volume":"14","author":"Jaikumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Friedman, M. (2009). Friedman Tongue Position and the Staging of Obstructive Sleep Apnea\/Hypopnea Syndrome. Sleep Apnea and Snoring: Surgical and Non-Surgical Therapy, Elsevier Ltd.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-3112-3.00016-4"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"1066","article-title":"Partial Airway Obstruction after Lingual Frenotomy","volume":"80","author":"Walsh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.06.035","article-title":"Airway Obstruction after Lingual Frenulectomy in Two Infants with Pierre-Robin Sequence","volume":"79","author":"Genther","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2018.05.002","article-title":"Pierre Robin Sequence: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of the Literature over Time","volume":"119","author":"Giudice","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Stomatol. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Kezirian, E. (2022, December 14). Myofunctional Therapy and Frenuloplasty Are Not Appropriate Treatments for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Available online: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=29fOg5eDe2c."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25580","article-title":"Taste Disturbance Following Tongue Base Resection for OSA","volume":"126","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3475-7","article-title":"Coblation Endoscopic Lingual Lightening (CELL) for Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"273","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2020.02.006","article-title":"Base of Tongue Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Era of Neurostimulation","volume":"53","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2020.08.025","article-title":"Transoral Robotic OSA Surgery","volume":"48","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816630962","article-title":"Transoral Robotic Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"154","author":"Justin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Neck Surg. Off. J. Am. Acad. Otolaryngol. Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1735","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29316","article-title":"Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) Versus Non-TORS Tongue Resection for Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"131","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.09.019","article-title":"Short Lingual Frenulum as a Risk Factor for Sleep-Disordered Breathing in School-Age Children","volume":"66","author":"Villa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.52010\/ijom.2023.49.2.1","article-title":"What Are We Missing in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Clinical Evaluation? Review of Official Guidelines","volume":"49","author":"Correa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunctional Ther."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murias, I., Grzech-Le\u015bniak, K., Murias, A., Walicka-Cupry\u015b, K., Dominiak, M., Deeb, J.G., and Matys, J. (2022). Efficacy of Various Laser Wavelengths in the Surgical Treatment of Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review. Life, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/life12040558"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-017-1489-2","article-title":"Can Myofunctional Therapy Increase Tongue Tone and Reduce Symptoms in Children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing?","volume":"21","author":"Villa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/1\/201\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:52:31Z","timestamp":1760147551000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/1\/201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm12010201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12010201","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]}}}