{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:38:08Z","timestamp":1785451088053,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: this study aimed to assess the frequency of complications related to corneal grafts, including epithelialization disorders, wound dehiscence, infectious keratitis, recurrence of herpetic keratitis, graft rejection, late graft failure, and infectious and noninfectious corneal melting, while also considering risk factors, particularly indications. Methods: this retrospective analysis of corneal graft failure included a chart review of the hospital records of patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PK) between January 2016 and December 2020 at the Department of Ophthalmology of the District Railway Hospital, Katowice, Poland. Results: Between 2016 and 2020, a total of 758 PK procedures were carried out at the ophthalmology department. Bullous keratopathy (20.58%), keratoconus (18.07%), and corneal perforation (13.32%) were the primary indications for keratoplasty. Secondary glaucoma was diagnosed in 99 patients (13.06%). The success rate of PK was 72.43% (494). The most frequent treatment complication was secondary glaucoma (13.06%), followed by late endothelial failure, perforation (4.1%), and bacterial keratitis (3.23%). Patients in the high-risk group were 4.65 times more likely to develop complications than those in the low-risk group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that concomitant ophthalmic diseases (odds ratio (OR): 3.12, confidence interval (CI): 1.60\u20136.08, p = 0.00) and connective tissue diseases (OR: 7.76, CI: 2.40\u201325.05, p = 0.00) were significant factors associated with the occurrence of complications. Diabetes, dermatological diseases, primary glaucoma, and sex were not associated with corneal graft failure (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: Chronic loss of the endothelium was the primary cause of graft failure in individuals who underwent PK. The high-risk transplant has up to 4.65 times higher risk of complications compared to the indications with a good prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T05:31:54Z","timestamp":1672205514000},"page":"220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Incidence of Complications Related to Corneal Graft in a Group of 758 Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8120-7801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Szkodny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Zabrze Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Wr\u00f3blewska-Czajka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Zabrze Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7295-4936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Wyl\u0119ga\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Health Promotion and Obesity Management, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4386-1217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Nandzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6707-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Wyl\u0119ga\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Zabrze Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital in Katowice, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200307000-00008","article-title":"Outcomes of repeat penetrating keratoplasty and risk factors for graft failure","volume":"22","author":"Weisbrod","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316705","article-title":"Corneal graft failure: An update","volume":"105","author":"Alio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. 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