{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:44:56Z","timestamp":1760147096060,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]],"date-time":"2023-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The protocols commonly used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) consist of long-term embryo culture up to the blastocyst stage after the insemination of all mature oocytes, the freezing of all the embryos produced, and their subsequent transfer one by one. These practices, along with preimplantation genetic testing, although developed to improve the live birth rate (LBR) and reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies, are drawing attention to the possible increase in obstetric and perinatal risks, and adverse epigenetic consequences in offspring. Furthermore, ethical\u2013legal concerns are growing regarding the increase in cryopreservation and storage of frozen embryos. In an attempt to reduce the risk associated with prolonged embryo culture and avoid embryo storage, we have chosen to inseminate a limited number of oocytes not exceeding the number of embryos to be transferred, after two days or less of culture. We retrospectively analyzed 245 ICSI cycles performed in 184 infertile couples with a female partner aged \u226540 from January 2016 to July 2021. The results showed a fertilization rate of 95.7%, a miscarriage rate of 48.9%, and a LBR of 10% with twin pregnancies of 16.7%. The cumulative LBR in our group of couples was 13%. No embryos were frozen. In conclusion, these results suggest that oocyte selection and embryo transfer at the cleaving stage constitute a practice that has a LBR comparable to that of the more commonly used protocols in older women who have reduced ovarian reserve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12020504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T05:57:14Z","timestamp":1673243834000},"page":"504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assisted Reproductive Technology without Embryo Discarding or Freezing in Women \u226540 Years: A 5-Year Retrospective Study at a Single Center in Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9145-1955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Manna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Barbagallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Sagnella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Farrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6950-335X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo E.","family":"Calogero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92957-4","article-title":"Birth after the reimplantation of a human embryo","volume":"312","author":"Steptoe","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/3.4.367","article-title":"Culture and selection of viable blastocysts: A feasible proposition for human IVF?","volume":"3","author":"Gardner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. 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