{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:46:17Z","timestamp":1787683577906,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070937"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870640"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82000923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China","award":["82070937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070937"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China","award":["81870640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870640"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China","award":["82101097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101097"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China","award":["82000923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000923"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fluidics system is an indispensable and primary component of phacoemulsification. Both the gravity-fluidics system and active-fluidics system are commonly used in practice. The irrigation pressure of the gravity-fluidics system is determined by the bottle height, which is relatively constant, while the active-fluidics system is paired with a cassette that contains pressure sensors to monitor intraocular pressure changes. The active-fluidics system allows surgeons to preset a target intraocular pressure value, and it replenishes the fluids proactively; thus, the intraocular pressure is consistently maintained near the target value. Under such circumstances, stable intraocular pressure and anterior chamber volume values could be acquired. Research on surgical safety, efficiency and results have reported several strengths of the active-fluidics system. It is also advantageous in some complicated cataract surgeries. However, the system is not widely used at present, mainly due to its low penetration rate and high equipment cost. Some of its updates such as the new Active Sentry handpiece showed potential superiority in laboratory studies recently, but there is still further research to be conducted. This article gives an overview of the mechanism and performance of the active-fluidics system, and it is expected to provide clues for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12020611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T04:29:38Z","timestamp":1673497778000},"page":"611","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Application of the Active-Fluidics System in Phacoemulsification: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5987-0946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9358-1956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangcan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianju","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators, and Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study (2021). 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