{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:41:33Z","timestamp":1790811693966,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]],"date-time":"2023-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique was invented to solve severe male infertility due to altered sperm parameters. Nowadays, it is applied worldwide for the treatment of couple infertility. ICSI is performed with any available spermatozoon from surgery or ejaculated samples, whatever are the sperm motility, morphology or quantity. The aim of the present review was to study if embryo development and kinetics would be modified by (1) ICSI under the technical aspects, (2) the micro-injected spermatozoa in connection with male infertility. From published data, it can be seen that ICSI anticipates the zygote kinetics Furthermore, because fertilization rate is higher in ICSI compared to conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), more blastocysts are obtained for clinical use in ICSI. Sperm and spermatozoa characteristics, such as sperm parameters, morphology and vitality, DNA content (levels of sperm DNA fragmentation, microdeletions, and chromosomal abnormalities), RNA content, epigenetics, and sperm recovery site (testicular, epididymis, and ejaculated), have an impact on fertilization and blastocyst rates and embryo kinetics in different ways. Even though ICSI is the most common solution to solve couples\u2019 infertility, the causes of male infertility are crucial in building a competent spermatozoa that will contribute to normal embryonic development and healthy offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12020671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T04:31:32Z","timestamp":1673843492000},"page":"671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["What Does Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Change in Embryonic Development? The Spermatozoon Contribution"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4185-1923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandrine","family":"Chamayou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro HERA\u2014Unit\u00e0 di Medicina della Riproduzione, Via Barriera del Bosco, 51\/53, Sant\u2019Agata li Battiati, 95030 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0510-4039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Giacone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro HERA\u2014Unit\u00e0 di Medicina della Riproduzione, Via Barriera del Bosco, 51\/53, Sant\u2019Agata li Battiati, 95030 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4599-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossella","family":"Cannarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonino","family":"Guglielmino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro HERA\u2014Unit\u00e0 di Medicina della Riproduzione, Via Barriera del Bosco, 51\/53, Sant\u2019Agata li Battiati, 95030 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3109\/07853899708999338","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology: The state of the ART","volume":"29","author":"Hummel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. 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