{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:47:42Z","timestamp":1760147262158,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the small intestine (SI-NENs) are one of the most commonly recognized gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Carcinoid heart disease (CHD) is the primary cause of death in patients with the carcinoid syndrome (CS). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate possible factors impacting upon overall survival (OS) in subjects with both neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) G1\/G2 of the small intestine (SI-NET) and CHD. Enrolled in our study of 275 patients with confirmed G1\/G2 SI-NET, were 28 (10%) individuals with CHD. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method. The Cox\u2013Mantel test was used to determine how OS varied between groups. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to conduct univariate analyses of predictive factors for OS and estimate hazard ratios (HRs). Of the 28 individuals with confirmed carcinoid heart disease, 12 (43%) were found to have NET G1 and 16 (57%) were found to have NET G2. Univariate analysis revealed that subjects with CHD and without resection of the primary tumor had a lower OS. Our retrospective study observed that patients who presented with CHD and without resection of primary tumor had worse prognosis of survival. These results suggest that primary tumors may need to be removed when feasible, but further research is needed. However, no solid recommendations can be issued on the basis of our single retrospective study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12030790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T05:50:20Z","timestamp":1674107420000},"page":"790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of Patients with NET G1\/G2 Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Small Intestine in the Course of Carcinoid Heart Disease\u2014A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3132-6153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia J.","family":"Konsek-Komorowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"P\u0119czkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cardinal Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka D.","family":"Kolasi\u0144ska-\u0106wik\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Cichocki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Konka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cardinal Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Roszkowska-Purska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw B.","family":"\u0106wik\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland"},{"name":"Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center\u2013Gammed, 02-351 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.341","article-title":"Carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: Trends in incidence in England since 1971","volume":"105","author":"Ellis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. 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