{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T09:03:33Z","timestamp":1781946213872,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,22]],"date-time":"2023-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kyrieleis plaques (KP) represent a peculiar type of vasculitis affecting retinal arterial branches in a beaded segmental pattern that can be found in several posterior inflammatory ocular conditions. The nature and precise location of KP is unclear. Adaptive Optics (AO) provides an in vivo visualization of retinal vasculature on a microscopic level, thus permitting a more detailed characterization of KP as compared to traditional imaging techniques. This study aims to report AO imaging of KP in Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)-associated posterior uveitis and to correlate the findings with traditional imaging techniques. Three patients diagnosed with VZV posterior uveitis underwent adaptive optics (AO) imaging and traditional multimodal imaging techniques, including fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography. In all subjects, AO imaging revealed segmental hyporeflectivity confined to the vessel wall, with no evidence of arterial wall disruption or extravascular involvement. In our series, AO findings support the view that KP are localized within the inner arterial wall, possibly at the endothelial level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12030884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T04:50:41Z","timestamp":1674449441000},"page":"884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adaptive Optics of Kyrieleis Plaques in Varicella Zoster Virus-Associated Posterior Uveitis: A Multimodal Imaging Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5295-3730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Milella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Mapelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9354-9005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Nassisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6397-1993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaia","family":"Leone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Ruggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20121 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Scialdone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20121 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0208-0740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Casalino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-913X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Viola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(71)91590-X","article-title":"Segmental Retinal Periarteritis","volume":"72","author":"Orzalesi","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. 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