{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T23:42:05Z","timestamp":1785368525163,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Opioid sparing is one of the new challenges in anesthesia and perioperative medicine. Opioid reduced anesthesia (ORA) is part of this approach, and it consists of a multimodal analgesia-associating non-opioid analgesic regional anesthesia to reduce intraoperative opioid requirements. Major cervicofacial oncologic surgery could specifically benefit from ORA, since it is known to generate intense and prolonged postoperative pain, with a high risk of pulmonary complications. Methods: This is a retrospective case-controlled study of 172 patients with major cervicofacial oncologic surgery. Group ORA (dexmedetomidine and lidocaine), n = 86, was compared to patients treated with standard opioid based anesthesia, Group control, n = 86. The main endpoint was to study perioperative opioid consumption and postoperative pain scores, and the secondary endpoint was to observe opioid related side effects. Results: The ORA group received 6.2 \u00b1 3.1 mg morphine titration at the end of surgery, while the control group received 10.1 \u00b1 3.7 mg p &lt; 0.0001; there was no significant difference in post-operative analgesia requirements and pain scores between the groups. Intraoperatively, the ORA protocol yielded bradycardia in 4 persons, while in the control group, only 2 persons had bradycardia necessitating intervention, p &lt; 0.05. Postoperatively, episodes of hypoxemia (50%) and the need for additional pressure-assisted ventilation (6%), was significantly different in the ORA group than in the control group (70% and 19%), p &lt; 0.05. There was no difference between the two groups for the incidence of nausea and vomiting, ileus, or postoperative delirium. Discussion: ORA was not associated with a decrease in postoperative pain and opioid requirement, but possibly reduced the incidence of hypoxemia and the use of additional pressure-assisted ventilation, although we cannot rule out confounding factors. The possible benefits of ORA remain to be demonstrated by prospective studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12030904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T01:59:03Z","timestamp":1674525543000},"page":"904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Opioid Reduced Anesthesia in Major Oncologic Cervicofacial Surgery: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Evrard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0298-9882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyrus","family":"Motamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2337-8693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnaud","family":"Pag\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauriane","family":"Bordenave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mozon, E., and Richard, N. 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