{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:09:18Z","timestamp":1775063358203,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Laura W. Bush Institute for Women\u2019s Health","award":["Research scholars\u2019 grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research scholars\u2019 grant"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Testing for vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been on the increase due to its association with several diseases. However, inappropriate testing for VDD, defined as screening for VDD among individuals with a low risk, has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with potentially inappropriate screening for VDD among medically underserved populations in West Texas. Data were from 21,407 women who were hospitalized from 2016 to 2018 at a large regional health system. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The median age of patients was 40 years. While the proportion of patients tested for VDD reduced from 8.9% to 7.6% (p = 0.013) from 2016 to 2018, the prevalence of inappropriate testing increased from 32.3% to 46.8% (p &lt; 0.001), with the 3-year prevalence of VDD being 27.6%. White race (OR = 2.71, CI: 1.95\u20133.78), an age \u2265 65 years (OR = 3.07, CI: 2.05\u20134.59), the use of public-sponsored insurance (OR = 1.62, CI: 1.20\u20132.17), cardiovascular disease (OR = 0.75, CI: 0.63\u20130.90), and vitamin D supplement use (OR = 7.05, CI: 5.82\u20138.54) were associated with inappropriate testing for VDD. In this study, an increasing prevalence of potentially inappropriate testing for VDD was observed. Sociodemographic and health-related conditions were associated with potentially inappropriate testing for VDD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12030993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T11:19:53Z","timestamp":1675077593000},"page":"993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Factors Associated with Potentially Inappropriate Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency among Women in Medically Underserved Regions of West Texas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Duke","family":"Appiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samira","family":"Kamrudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"de Riese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R27","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0432","article-title":"Vitamin D testing and treatment: A narrative review of current evidence","volume":"8","author":"Pilz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr. 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