{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:20:08Z","timestamp":1784078408435,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is increasing worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency is supposed to play a role in sleep disturbances, but the complex relationships between hypovitaminosis D and pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are still incompletely understood. This study was aimed to retrospectively investigate the vitamin D status and significant clinical, laboratory, and instrumental variables in a cohort of pediatric patients with OSAS and to assess the possible relationship between serum vitamin D levels and OSAS severity. We consecutively enrolled all children aged 2\u201314 years admitted to our Pediatric Clinic from 1 July 2018 to 30 November 2020 for sleep-disordered breathing. Each patient underwent standard overnight in-hospital polygraphic evaluation, measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, and clinical and laboratory investigation. A total of 127 children with OSAS were included. The 25(OH)D levels and BMI of OSAS patients were compared with those of an age-matched control group: the serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in OSAS patients than in controls (22.4 vs. 25.5 ng\/mL; p-value = 0.009), whereas no differences in the BMI percentile were found between the two groups. The mean value of 25(OH)D was not significantly lower (20.9 ng\/mL) in the severe OSAS group compared with the mild (23.0 ng\/mL) and moderate (23.3 ng\/mL) OSAS groups (p-value = 0.28). Our findings indicate a relationship between vitamin D status and OSAS in children and suggest that severe cases of OSAS have lower vitamin D levels. Future, more extensive prospective studies are needed to confirm such preliminary findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12031242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T01:35:13Z","timestamp":1675647313000},"page":"1242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Relationships between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Children: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5556-5813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Locci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Ruiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5131-9367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Saderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1600-4474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Sotgiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Bassu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8659-5505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Zaffanello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9767-7904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Antonucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferrante, G., Fasola, S., Piazza, M., Tenero, L., Zaffanello, M., La Grutta, S., and Piacentini, G. 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