{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:23:31Z","timestamp":1790666611987,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Academic Development Fund (Keio University Academic Development Funds)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uterus transplantation (UTx) is now an alternative to surrogacy and adoption for women with uterine factor infertility to have children; however, there are still unresolved clinical and technical issues. One of these is that the graft failure rate after transplantation is somewhat higher than that of other life-saving organ transplants, which is a critical concern. Herein, we summarize the details of 16 graft failures after UTx with living or deceased donors using the published literature in order to learn from these negative outcomes. To date, the main causes of graft failure are vascular factors (arterial and\/or venous thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and poor perfusion). Many recipients with thrombosis develop graft failure within one month of surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to devise a safe and stable surgical technique with higher success rates for further development in the UTx field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12052032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T02:06:43Z","timestamp":1678068403000},"page":"2032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Graft Failure after Uterus Transplantation in 16 Recipients: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1143-9855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iori","family":"Kisu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Risa","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoma","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2609-1778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Matoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1447-9297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Tamate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouji","family":"Banno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.09.035","article-title":"Preliminary Results of the First Human Uterus Transplantation from a Multiorgan Donor","volume":"99","author":"Ozkan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005346","article-title":"Birth of a Healthy Baby 9 Years after a Surgically Successful Deceased Donor Uterus Transplant","volume":"275","author":"Ozkan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. 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