{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:58:42Z","timestamp":1760147922304,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"S.K. Yee Medical Foundation, Hong Kong","award":["2191216","14103221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2191216","14103221"]}]},{"name":"General Research Fund, Research Grants Council, Hong Kong","award":["2191216","14103221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2191216","14103221"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To elucidate the clinical implications of corneal striae (CS) in thyroid associated orbitopathy (TAO) patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the presence of CS was confirmed after topical fluorescein staining on a slit lamp for consecutive treatment-naive TAO patients. Orbital parameters, including margin reflex distances, lagophthalmos, exophthalmos, intraocular pressure and radiological measurements, were compared between eyes with and without CS. The largest cross-sectional areas of each rectus muscle were measured by segmenting the T1-weighted (T1W) magnetic resonance images (MRI). The logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations between CS and orbital parameters and rectus muscle measurements. Results: Fifty-three consecutive TAO patients (presenting age 46.47 \u00b1 14.73 years, clinical activity score 1.77 \u00b1 1.25) who had unilateral CS were enrolled. In univariate analysis, both the degree of lagophthalmos and the area of the levator palpebrae superioris\u2013superior rectus complex (LPS\/SR) on T1W MRI were significantly larger in CS eyes compared to eyes without CS (p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analyses showed that CS in TAO patients were significantly associated with the degree of lagophthalmos (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.18\u20132.61, p &lt; 0.05) and LPS\/SR area (OR = 19.27, 95% CI: 1.43\u2013259.32, p &lt; 0.05) but not with the other parameters. CS could predict LPS\/SR enlargement and larger lagophthalmos in TAO (p &lt; 0.05). The largest cross-sectional areas of LPS\/SR and inferior rectus were positively correlated with clinical activity scores (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The presence of CS in TAO eye is significantly associated with LPS\/SR enlargement and worse lagophthalmos. CS might be evaluated further as a potential ocular surface biomarker to identify upper lid and LPS\/SR involvement in TAO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T06:36:36Z","timestamp":1678862196000},"page":"2284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Significance of Corneal Striae in Thyroid Associated Orbitopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xulin","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatema Mohamed Ali Abdulla","family":"Aljufairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospitals, Manama 435, Bahrain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9579-2060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth Ka Hei","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen Kar Wun","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruofan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1148-6280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanxue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4962-4132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winnie Chiu Wing","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4407-6907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clement Chee Yung","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi Pui","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2587-1323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelvin Kam Lung","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0905750","article-title":"Graves\u2019 Ophthalmopathy","volume":"362","author":"Bahn","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. 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