{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:35Z","timestamp":1787028635402,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Despite its high prevalence, the clinical course of pediatric migraine has not been fully understood, and previous studies present conflicting results. We present here the findings of a 10-year follow-up study involving children with severe migraine pain admitted to our emergency department. Furthermore, all studies were carried out on selected outpatient clinical case studies. Our aim was to evaluate a population of migraine children admitted to an emergency department because of increased severity or frequency of pain or even because of very anxious parents concerning their child\u2019s headache in order to describe their long-term outcomes, whether it differed from that of outpatient populations and to identify possible predictors of prognosis. Methods: We recruited 80 subjects with migraine headaches (mean age 8 years with a range of 4\u201314 years, 50% females), attending the baseline examination of a population admitted for a headache to the Emergency Department in the first half year of 2012. Of the 80 subjects, 48 (60%) were eligible for follow-up in 2022. We included in our study only patients diagnosed with migraine, according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. All were contacted by telephone, and a semi-structured questionnaire was provided to them by email. The association between several possible prognostic factors (gender, familiar neurologic disorders, prenatal and perinatal disorders, social activities, sleep disorders, etc.) and the long-term persistence of migraine headaches were explored using logistic regression analysis. Results: Of 48 subjects with migraine headaches at baseline, 31 (65%) had persistent migraine, and 17 (35%) experienced remission. The preliminary results showed that the presence of neurologic disorders in parents (p &lt; 0.01\u2014odds ratio 9.34 (2.53\u201341.64) and sleep disorders (p &lt; 0.01\u2014odds ratio 13.18 (2.25\u2013252.74) significantly predicted the 10-year persistence of migraine headaches, while the other considered predictors were found not to influence prognosis. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this was the first study conducted on a selected pediatric population upon admission to the emergency room. Our study suggests that a population of pediatric migraine selected for admission to the emergency department also shows a favorable long-term prognosis, like the studies conducted in the outpatient sample. Familial neurological comorbidity and sleep disorders were unfavorable factors for predicting good outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12072475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T06:34:07Z","timestamp":1679639647000},"page":"2475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evolution of Pediatric Migraine Patients Admitted at an Emergency Department after a 10-Year Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Maria Laura","family":"Manzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. \u201cG D\u2019Alessandro\u201d, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. \u201cG D\u2019Alessandro\u201d, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1244-8430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edvige","family":"Correnti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Department, ISMEP-ARNAS Civico, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"D\u2019Aiuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, ISMEP-ARNAS Civico, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"D\u2019Agnano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children Epilepsy and EEG Center, PO, San Paolo ASL, 70132 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2668-6373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Santangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, AOUP Santa Chiara Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0121-3396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Vetri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oasi Research Institute IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Santangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Department, ISMEP-ARNAS Civico, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7974-3963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Maniscalco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. \u201cG D\u2019Alessandro\u201d, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7088-9325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Tripi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. \u201cG D\u2019Alessandro\u201d, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2388-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittorio","family":"Sciruicchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children Epilepsy and EEG Center, PO, San Paolo ASL, 70132 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6149-0881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Raieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Department, ISMEP-ARNAS Civico, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-010-0256-6","article-title":"Overview of diagnosis and management of paediatric headache. 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