{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T17:23:42Z","timestamp":1784827422847,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Electrical storm (ES) represents a serious heart rhythm disorder. This study investigates the impact of ES on acute ablation success and long-term outcomes after VT ablation compared to non-ES patients. Methods: In this large single-centre study, patients presenting with ES and undergoing VT ablation from June 2018 to April 2021 were compared to patients undergoing VT ablation due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias but without ES. The primary prognostic outcome was VT recurrence, and secondary endpoints were rehospitalization rates and cardiovascular mortality, all after a median follow-up of 22 months. Results: A total of 311 patients underwent a first VT ablation due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias and were included (63 \u00b1 14 years; 86% male). Of these, 108 presented with ES. In the ES cohort, dilated cardiomyopathy as underlying heart disease was significantly higher (p = 0.008). Major complications were equal across both groups (all p &gt; 0.05). Ablation of the clinical VT was achieved in 94% of all patients (p &gt; 0.05). Noninducibility of any VT was achieved in 91% without ES and in 76% with ES (p = 0.001). Patients with ES revealed increased VT recurrence rates during follow-up (65% vs. 40%; log rank p = 0.001; HR 1.841, 95% CI 1.289\u20132.628; p = 0.001). Furthermore, ES patients suffered from increased rehospitalization rates (73% vs. 48%; log rank p = 0.001; HR 1.948, 95% CI 1.415\u20132.682; p = 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (18% vs. 9%; log rank p = 0.045; HR 1.948, 95% CI 1.004\u20133.780; p = 0.049). After multivariable adjustment, ES was a strong independent predictor of VT recurrence and rehospitalization rates, but not for mortality. In a propensity score-matched cohort, patients with ES still had a higher risk of VT recurrences and rehospitalizations compared to non-ES patients. Conclusions: VT ablation in patients with ES is challenging and these patients reveal the highest risk for recurrent VTs, rehospitalization and cardiovascular mortality. These patients need close follow-ups and optimal guideline-directed therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12072730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T03:59:55Z","timestamp":1680753595000},"page":"2730","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Electrical Storm Has Worse Prognosis Compared to Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia after VT Ablation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8793-3134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivaylo","family":"Chakarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Halbfass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Oldenburg, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Nentwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Ene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Berkovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Sonne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9549-3503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1558-0696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Waechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8171-7617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Schupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5970-0093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Behnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Akin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Deneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, 97616 Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.07.024","article-title":"EHRA\/HRS\/APHRS expert consensus on ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"11","author":"Pedersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.4.753","article-title":"Incidence and clinical significance of multiple consecutive, appropriate, high-energy discharges in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators","volume":"93","author":"Villacastin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00495-1","article-title":"Electrical storm in patients with transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: Incidence, management and prognostic implications","volume":"32","author":"Credner","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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