{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:31:11Z","timestamp":1790836271010,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]],"date-time":"2023-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease with many different clinical phenotypes. RA could be classified according to disease duration, seropositivity for rheumatoid factor (RF) and\/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), joint subtype, clinical behaviourbehavior and many other subgroups. In this review, we summarize and discuss the multifaceted aspects of RA, focusing on the relationship between autoimmunity status and clinical outcome, achievement of remission and influence on treatment response, from the 2022 International GISEA\/OEG Symposium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12082781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T03:19:54Z","timestamp":1681096794000},"page":"2781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Rheumatoid Arthritis from Easy to Complex Disease: From the \u201c2022 GISEA International Symposium\u201d"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6918-4731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Perniola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (GSTeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS\u2014Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore\u2014Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1343-1729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Chimenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of \u201cMedicina dei Sistemi\u201d, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1969-2097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Spinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari-Reumatologia, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Frediani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Foti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, San Marco Hospital, Policlinico University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ferrigno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of \u201cMedicina dei Sistemi\u201d, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Garufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari-Reumatologia, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3454-401X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Cassone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2573-5930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Venerito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Atzeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Experimental and Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Caporali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Sciences, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, 20126 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari-Reumatologia, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ennio","family":"Favalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Sciences, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, 20126 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0474-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florenzo","family":"Iannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1294-6421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Sebastiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian","family":"Ferraccioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (GSTeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS\u2014Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8427-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Lapadula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Gremese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (GSTeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS\u2014Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore\u2014Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2011.155","article-title":"GISEA: An Italian Biological Agents Registry in Rheumatology","volume":"63","author":"Lapadula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22783","article-title":"2015 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.101476","article-title":"Established Rheumatoid Arthritis\u2014Redefining the Concept","volume":"33","author":"Chatzidionysiou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217344","article-title":"EULAR Definition of Difficult-to-Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"80","author":"Nagy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s50","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.14-6-s50","article-title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Palliation to Remission in Two Decades","volume":"14","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204020","article-title":"Time Trends in Disease Activity, Response and Remission Rates in Rheumatoid Arthritis during the Past Decade: Results from the NOR-DMARD Study 2000-2010","volume":"74","author":"Aga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S685","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216655","article-title":"EULAR Recommendations for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Synthetic and Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: 2019 Update","volume":"79","author":"Smolen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"37","article-title":"Does Early Seronegative Arthritis Develop into Rheumatoid Arthritis? A 10-Year Observational Study","volume":"37","author":"Paalanen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa861","article-title":"Erratum to: Is Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis True Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Nationwide Cohort Study","volume":"60","author":"Paalanen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208873","article-title":"Patients with Seronegative RA Have More Inflammatory Activity Compared with Patients with Seropositive RA in an Inception Cohort of DMARD-Na\u00efve Patients Classified According to the 2010 ACR\/EULAR Criteria","volume":"76","author":"Nordberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.05.023","article-title":"Evidence of Diagnostic and Treatment Delay in Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis: Missing the Window of Opportunity","volume":"94","author":"Coffey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.138461","article-title":"2010 Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification Criteria: An American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism Collaborative Initiative","volume":"69","author":"Aletaha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq442","article-title":"Sensitivity and Specificity of 2010 Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification Criteria","volume":"50","author":"Kaneko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201909","article-title":"Application of the 2010 ACR\/EULAR Classification Criteria in Patients with Very Early Inflammatory Arthritis: Analysis of Sensitivity, Specificity and Predictive Values in the SAVE Study Cohort","volume":"72","author":"Biliavska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216694","article-title":"Is the Epidemiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis Changing? Results from a Population-Based Incidence Study, 1985-2014","volume":"79","author":"Myasoedova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"2132","article-title":"Declining Trend in the Incidence of Rheumatoid Factor-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis in Finland 1980\u20132000","volume":"33","author":"Kautiainen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370808","article-title":"Decreasing Incidence and Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Pima Indians over a Twenty-Five-Year Period","volume":"37","author":"Jacobsson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthijssen, X.M.E., Niemantsverdriet, E., Huizinga, T.W.J., and van der Helm-Van Mil, A.H.M. (2020). Enhanced Treatment Strategies and Distinct Disease Outcomes among Autoantibody-Positive and -Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients over 25 Years: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in the Netherlands. PLoS Med., 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003296"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-1909-8","article-title":"Outcome of Patients with Early Arthritis without Rheumatoid Factor and ACPA and Predictors of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ESPOIR Cohort","volume":"21","author":"Mouterde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04626-x","article-title":"Association between Seropositivity and Discontinuation of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors Due to Ineffectiveness in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"38","author":"Ogawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759720X211011826","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X211011826","article-title":"Limiting Factors to Boolean Remission Differ between Autoantibody-Positive and -Negative Patients in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Bugatti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Musculoskelet. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206439","article-title":"Relapse Rates in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Stable Remission Tapering or Stopping Antirheumatic Therapy: Interim Results from the Prospective Randomised Controlled RETRO Study","volume":"75","author":"Haschka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2017.1416668","article-title":"Interleukin-6 and IgA-Rheumatoid Factor Are Crucial for Baseline Erosiveness, and Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies for Radiographic Progression in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated According to a Treat-to-Target Strategy","volume":"47","author":"Fedele","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dey, M., Nagy, G., and Nikiphorou, E. (2022). Comorbidities and Extra-Articular Manifestations in Difficult-to-Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis: Different Sides of the Same Coin?. Rheumatology, keac584.","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac584"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu195","article-title":"The Lung in ACPA-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Initiating Site of Injury?","volume":"53","author":"Perry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spinelli, F.R., Pecani, A., Ciciarello, F., Colasanti, T., Di Franco, M., Miranda, F., Conti, F., Valesini, G., and Alessandri, C. (2017). Association between Antibodies to Carbamylated Proteins and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1563-8"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102776","article-title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis: Extra-Articular Manifestations and Comorbidities","volume":"20","author":"Figus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978351","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.978351","article-title":"Patients with Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis Have a Different Phenotype than Seropositive Patients: A Clinical and Ultrasound Study","volume":"9","author":"Vargas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e048409","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-040465","article-title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Related to Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP) Antibody","volume":"11","author":"Kamiya","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Stefano, L., D\u2019Onofrio, B., Manzo, A., Montecucco, C., and Bugatti, S. (2021). The Genetic, Environmental, and Immunopathological Complexity of Autoantibody-Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212386"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohta, R., and Sano, C. (2023). Differentiating between Seronegative Elderly-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Qualitative Synthesis of Narrative Reviews. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20031789"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-2050-4","article-title":"The Importance of Ultrasound in Identifying and Differentiating Patients with Early Inflammatory Arthritis: A Narrative Review","volume":"22","author":"Kaeley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-2171","article-title":"Seronegative Rheumatic Arthritis Has Milder Inflammation and Bone Erosion in an Ultrasound Study of Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)-Na\u00efve Chinese Cohort","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.114652","article-title":"Estimation of a Numerical Value for Joint Damage-Related Physical Disability in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials","volume":"69","author":"Smolen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"900","article-title":"Clinical Remission in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"36","author":"Lubrano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181286","article-title":"Association of 17 Definitions of Remission with Functional Status in a Large Clinical Practice Cohort of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"47","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223413","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology\/EULAR Remission Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis: 2022 Revision","volume":"82","author":"Studenic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207524","article-title":"Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis to Target: 2014 Update of the Recommendations of an International Task Force","volume":"75","author":"Smolen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.160193","article-title":"Subclinical Synovitis Assessed by Ultrasound Predicts Flare and Progressive Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Clinical Remission: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis","volume":"43","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.129924","article-title":"Clinical and Ultrasonographic Remission Determines Different Chances of Relapse in Early and Long Standing Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Peluso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40878","article-title":"Histologic and Transcriptional Evidence of Subclinical Synovial Inflammation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Remission","volume":"71","author":"Orange","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2006.02508.x","article-title":"Synovitis Score: Discrimination between Chronic Low-Grade and High-Grade Synovitis","volume":"49","author":"Krenn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41726","article-title":"Inclusion of Synovial Tissue-Derived Characteristics in a Nomogram for the Prediction of Treatment Response in Treatment-Naive Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients","volume":"73","author":"Alivernini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02827-5","article-title":"Peripheral Blood CD4posCD25posFoxP3pos Cells and Inflammatory Cytokines as Biomarkers of Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with CTLA4-Ig","volume":"24","author":"Elisa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13479","article-title":"Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators Are Leads for Resolution Physiology","volume":"510","author":"Serhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.8.1197","article-title":"Novel Functional Sets of Lipid-Derived Mediators with Antiinflammatory Actions Generated from Omega-3 Fatty Acids via Cyclooxygenase 2-Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs and Transcellular Processing","volume":"192","author":"Serhan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38021","article-title":"The Impact of Inflammation on Metabolomic Profiles in Patients with Arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Young","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.09.005","article-title":"Free Fatty Acids Are Associated with Insulin Resistance but Not Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"219","author":"Ormseth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20052371","article-title":"Neutrophil-Derived Leukotriene B4 Is Required for Inflammatory Arthritis","volume":"203","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31472-1","article-title":"Pathogenetic Insights from the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"389","author":"McInnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"1019","article-title":"High CD14+ Peripheral Monocytes Expression of ALX\/FPR2 and BLT1 in Low Disease Activity and Remission Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study","volume":"40","author":"Perniola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4018","article-title":"OP0084\u2005Digital Spatial Profiling Reveals Distinct Synovial Tissue Macrophage Transcriptomic Signature of Sustained Remission in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients at Risk of Disease Flare after Treatment Cessation","volume":"81","author":"Perniola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/8\/2781\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:12:41Z","timestamp":1760123561000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/8\/2781"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm12082781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12082781","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]]}}}