{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:03:51Z","timestamp":1760148231127,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sigfrid Juselius Foundation funding medical research"},{"name":"Helsinki University research visit grants"},{"name":"University of Helsinki"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Survivors of childhood bacterial meningitis (BM) often develop hearing impairment (HI). In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), BM continues to be a significant cause of hearing disability. We assessed hearing among BM survivors using auditory steady-state responses (ASSR), providing frequency-specific estimated audiograms, and examined whether ASSR would provide a greater understanding of BM-induced HI. Survivors from two prospective BM trials (ISRCTN62824827; NCT01540838) from Luanda Children\u2019s Hospital were examined in a follow-up visit with a median duration of 26 months after BM. The hearing of 50 BM survivors and 19 control children was evaluated using ASSR and auditory brainstem response (ABR) after interview and neurological and otorhinolaryngological examinations. The median age of survivors was 80 (IQR 86) months. We diagnosed HI (better ear hearing \u2265 26 dB) in 9\/50 (18%) children. Five of the fifty survivors (10%) and 14\/100 ears (14%) had profound HI (&gt;80 dB). Severe-to-profound HI affected all frequencies steadily, affecting only the ears of BM survivors (18\/100 vs. 0\/38, p = 0.003). When looking only at the severely or profoundly affected ears, young age, low Glascow coma score, pneumococcal aetiology, and ataxia were associated with a worse hearing outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12082842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T01:35:00Z","timestamp":1681349700000},"page":"2842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Auditory Steady-State Response and Hearing Impairment in Survivors of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Luanda, Angola"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mariia","family":"Karppinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 HUS Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Rugemalira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 HUS Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Okko","family":"Savonius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 HUS Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel Leite","family":"Cruzeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Bernardino Children\u2019s Hospital, Rua Amilcar Cabral, Maianga, Luanda, Angola"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Aarnisalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 HUS Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Topi","family":"Jutila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 HUS Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7688-9059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuula","family":"Pelkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 HUS Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"David Bernardino Children\u2019s Hospital, Rua Amilcar Cabral, Maianga, Luanda, Angola"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70048-7","article-title":"Global and Regional Risk of Disabling Sequelae from Bacterial Meningitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Edmond","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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