{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:07:29Z","timestamp":1760148449002,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pfizer Japan Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder (NGB), urinary tract evaluation, early diagnosis, and individualized management are important. We aimed to clarify the current status of diagnosis and treatment of NGB in Japanese children. This descriptive, observational, retrospective cohort study using the JMDC claims database included NGB patients aged \u226417 years over a 12-month follow-up period. Of the 1065 pediatric NGB patients, 38.9% had spina bifida. Dermatological and gastrointestinal comorbidities were common in the baseline period. Renal\/bladder ultrasound was a commonly performed investigation (38.3%), but urodynamics was infrequently used (3.0%). Of all the overactive bladder medications, anticholinergics were used commonly (17.9% patients), and most patients used anticholinergics alone (without combination therapy). Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC; alone or in combination with medications) was performed in 9.3% of patients, and 3.9% of patients were concomitantly treated with medications. The most common incident complication was lower urinary tract infection (18.1%), which was especially common in patients with open spina bifida (54.1%). Despite guideline recommendations, lower urinary tract dysfunction is not thoroughly evaluated. Adequate understanding of patient status is critical to optimal patient management (behavioral therapy, CIC, and medication) in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T10:51:52Z","timestamp":1682679112000},"page":"3191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diagnosis and Treatment of Japanese Children with Neurogenic Bladder: Analysis of Data from a National Health Insurance Database"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2870-9225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeya","family":"Kitta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal and Urologic Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa City 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0408-3678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiko","family":"Mitsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City 409-3898, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5135-2987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoko","family":"Izumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine & Hospital Medical Affairs, Pfizer Japan, Inc., Tokyo 151\u20138589, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23981","article-title":"Drug utilization patterns and healthcare resource use and costs in patients with neurogenic bladder in the United Kingdom: A retrospective primary care database study","volume":"38","author":"Jaggi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol. 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