{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T21:09:09Z","timestamp":1779138549599,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a well-recognised risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and calcific aortic valve stenosis (AVS). Methods: A retrospective observational study of Lp(a) levels (mg\/dL) in patients hospitalised for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in our clinical routine was performed. The Lp(a)-associated risk of hospitalisation for IHD, AVS, and concomitant IHD\/AVS versus other non-ischemic CVDs (oCVD group) was assessed by means of logistic regression. Results: In total of 11,767 adult patients, the association with Lp(a) was strongest in the IHD\/AVS group (e\u03b2 = 1.010, p &lt; 0.001), followed by the IHD (e\u03b2 = 1.008, p &lt; 0.001) and AVS group (e\u03b2 = 1.004, p &lt; 0.001). With increasing Lp(a) levels, the risk of IHD hospitalisation was higher compared with oCVD in women across all ages and in men aged \u226475 years. The risk of AVS hospitalisation was higher only in women aged \u226475 years (e\u03b2 = 1.010 in age &lt; 60 years, e\u03b2 = 1.005 in age 60\u201375 years, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The Lp(a)-associated risk was highest for concomitant IHD\/AVS hospitalisations. The differential impact of sex and age was most pronounced in the AVS group with an increased risk only in women aged \u226475 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:10:03Z","timestamp":1682943003000},"page":"3220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lipoprotein(a) As a Risk Factor in a Cohort of Hospitalised Cardiovascular Patients: A Retrospective Clinical Routine Data Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4073-9286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"\u0160uran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadej","family":"Zavr\u0161nik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4073-6488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Kokol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor Koro\u0161ka cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4292-989X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Kokol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor Koro\u0161ka cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Semantika Research, Semantika d.o.o., Zagreb\u0161ka ulica 40a, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreja","family":"Sinkovi\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franjo","family":"Naji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jernej","family":"Zavr\u0161nik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Healthcare Center Dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor, Ulica talcev 9, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Alma Mater Europaea, Slovenska ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Bla\u017eun Vo\u0161ner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Healthcare Center Dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor, Ulica talcev 9, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Alma Mater Europaea, Slovenska ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Slovenj Gradec, Glavni trg 1, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9239-2133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vojko","family":"Kani\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R067314","article-title":"Structure, Function, and Genetics of Lipoprotein (a)","volume":"57","author":"Schmidt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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