{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T16:17:40Z","timestamp":1775665060723,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SICPA Foundation"},{"name":"Vaudoise Academic Society (SAV)"},{"name":"University Hospital CHUV, Switzerland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Whole-organ pancreas and islets transplantations are two therapeutic options to treat type 1 diabetic patients resistant to optimised medical treatment in whom severe complications develop. Selection of the best option for \u03b2-cell replacement depends on several factors such as kidney function, patient comorbidities, and treatment goals. For a patient with end-stage kidney disease, the treatment of choice is often a simultaneous transplant of the pancreas and kidney (SPK). However, it remains a major surgical procedure in patients with multiple comorbidities and therefore it is important to select those who will benefit from it. Additionally, in view of the organ shortage, new strategies to improve outcomes and reduce immune reactions have been developed, including dynamic organ perfusion technologies, pancreas bioengineering, and stem cell therapies. The purpose of this article is to review the indications, surgical techniques, outcomes, and future directions of whole-organ pancreas and islets transplantations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:10:03Z","timestamp":1682943003000},"page":"3245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Whole-Organ Pancreas and Islets Transplantations in UK: An Overview and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1585-5231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Alberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1530-3114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Demartines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v7.i1.1","article-title":"Milestones in the history of diabetes mellitus: The main contributors","volume":"7","author":"Karamanou","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. 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