{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T02:59:59Z","timestamp":1773716399682,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Critically ill patients, especially those who have undergone solid organ transplantation (SOT), are at risk of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). The outcome relevance of adequately treated putative IPA (pIPA) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome relevance of pIPA in a cohort of critically ill patients with and without SOT. Methods: Data from 121 surgical critically ill patients with pIPA (n = 30) or non-pIPA (n = 91) were included. Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for mortality and unfavourable outcomes after 28 and 90 days. Results: Mortality rates at 28 days were similar across the whole cohort of patients (pIPA: 31% vs. non-pIPA: 27%) and did not differ in the subgroup of patients after SOT (pIPA: 17% vs. non-pIPA: 22%). A higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and evidence of bacteraemia were identified as risk factors for mortality and unfavourable outcome, whereas pIPA itself was not identified as an independent predictor for poor outcomes. Conclusions: Adequately treated pIPA did not increase the risk of death or an unfavourable outcome in this mixed cohort of critically ill patients with or without SOT, whereas higher disease severity and bacteraemia negatively affected the outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T02:08:42Z","timestamp":1683252522000},"page":"3282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Critically Ill Surgical Patients with or without Solid Organ Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0886-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Dubler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Etringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus A.","family":"Weigand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Division Bacteriology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Schnitzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9313-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina","family":"Budeus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9424-4652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Rengier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9405-9844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Kalinowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan Lih","family":"Hoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Lichtenstern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4731-2","article-title":"Intensive care medicine research agenda on invasive fungal infection in critically ill patients","volume":"43","author":"Bassetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intensive Care 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