{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T07:18:50Z","timestamp":1769757530602,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HI19C0481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C0481"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HC19C0276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HC19C0276"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["02-2017-0037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-2017-0037"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["14-2022-0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14-2022-0024"]}]},{"name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Research fund","award":["HI19C0481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C0481"]}]},{"name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Research fund","award":["HC19C0276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HC19C0276"]}]},{"name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Research fund","award":["02-2017-0037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-2017-0037"]}]},{"name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Research fund","award":["14-2022-0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14-2022-0024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study\u2019s aim was to investigate the association between optic disc morphology and the occurrence of paracentral scotoma in eyes with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and myopia. Two-hundred and eleven myopic eyes with OAG were classified into three groups according to the location of visual field (VF) defect (99 paracentral scotoma, 65 peripheral scotoma, and 47 no VF defect). Optic disc morphology was assessed based on the tilt ratio and eccentricity of the central retinal vessel trunk (CRVT). Clinical characteristics of the three groups were compared, and factors affecting the occurrence of paracentral scotoma were determined. Eyes with paracentral scotoma had a higher tilt ratio than the other groups (ps \u2264 0.04). Multiple linear regression showed that a nasal location of CRVT (p &lt; 0.001), longer axial length (p = 0.001), and lower VF mean deviation (p = 0.021) were significantly associated with higher tilt ratio. In logistic regression analysis, tilt ratio was the only factor that was significantly associated with the occurrence of paracentral scotoma (odds ratio = 7.12, p = 0.032). In conclusion, the optic disc tilt ratio increased with nasal shift of CRVT, longer axial length, and lower VF mean deviation. Higher optic disc tilt was significantly associated with the occurrence of paracentral scotoma in eyes with OAG and myopia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T08:12:11Z","timestamp":1683274331000},"page":"3295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Optic Disc Morphology and Paracentral Scotoma in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Myopia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Minha","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Euntak","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9393-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Ji","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.03.012","article-title":"Myopia as a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90416-5","article-title":"The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: The Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"106","author":"Mitchell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01260-5","article-title":"Refractive errors, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma in a white population","volume":"110","author":"Wong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.06.050","article-title":"High myopia and glaucoma susceptibility: The Beijing Eye Study","volume":"114","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.1056","article-title":"Optic disc characteristics in patients with glaucoma and combined superior and inferior retinal nerve fiber layer defects","volume":"132","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4991","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14663","article-title":"Optic disc tilt direction determines the location of initial glaucomatous damage","volume":"55","author":"Choi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Investig. 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