{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:11:38Z","timestamp":1760127098530,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The assumption of this work is the achievement of objective results of the movement structure, which forms the basis for in-depth analysis and, consequently, for determining the upper limb movements that are most affected by stroke compared to healthy people. Methods: An analysis of relevant and systematically identified features of upper limb movement in post-stroke adults is presented based on scalable hypothesis tests. The basic features were calculated using movements defined by the x, y, and z coordinates (i.e., 3D trajectory time series) and compared to the results of post-stroke patients with healthy controls of similar age. Results: After automatic feature selection, out of the 1004 common features of upper limb movement, the most differentiated were the upper arm movements in reaching kinematics. In terms of movement type, movements in the frontal plane (shoulder abduction and adduction) were the most sensitive to changes. The largest number of discriminating features was determined on the basis of acceleration time series. Conclusions: In the 3D assessment of functional activities of the upper limb, the upper arm turned out to be the most differentiated body segment, especially during abduction and adduction movements. The results indicate a special need to pay attention to abduction and adduction movements to improve the activities of daily living of the upper limbs after a stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T02:29:22Z","timestamp":1683512962000},"page":"3333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quantitative Assessment of Upper Limb Movement in Post-Stroke Adults for Identification of Sensitive Measures in Reaching and Lifting Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1723-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"B\u0142aszczyszyn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Pr\u00f3szkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4354-8258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Szcz\u0119sna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Graphics, Vision and Digital Systems, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7995-0882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Konieczny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Pr\u00f3szkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Pakosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Pr\u00f3szkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2751-7478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Balko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, J.E. Purkyne University, 400 96 Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Borysiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Pr\u00f3szkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21S","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968311410941","article-title":"Neurological principles and rehabilitation of action disorders: Common clinical deficits","volume":"25","author":"Sathian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. 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