{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T18:46:48Z","timestamp":1788893208756,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["AP14869993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869993"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["\u0410\u042008052703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u0410\u042008052703"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["AP09259975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP09259975"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["23850096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23850096"]}]},{"name":"Immunological profile and microbial markers in evaluating the effectiveness of probiotic therapy in RA patients","award":["AP14869993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869993"]}]},{"name":"Immunological profile and microbial markers in evaluating the effectiveness of probiotic therapy in RA patients","award":["\u0410\u042008052703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u0410\u042008052703"]}]},{"name":"Immunological profile and microbial markers in evaluating the effectiveness of probiotic therapy in RA patients","award":["AP09259975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP09259975"]}]},{"name":"Immunological profile and microbial markers in evaluating the effectiveness of probiotic therapy in RA patients","award":["23850096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23850096"]}]},{"name":"Determination of microbiomic and genomic biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis in Kazakhstan population","award":["AP14869993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869993"]}]},{"name":"Determination of microbiomic and genomic biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis in Kazakhstan population","award":["\u0410\u042008052703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u0410\u042008052703"]}]},{"name":"Determination of microbiomic and genomic biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis in Kazakhstan population","award":["AP09259975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP09259975"]}]},{"name":"Determination of microbiomic and genomic biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis in Kazakhstan population","award":["23850096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23850096"]}]},{"name":"Nazarbayev University","award":["AP14869993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869993"]}]},{"name":"Nazarbayev University","award":["\u0410\u042008052703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u0410\u042008052703"]}]},{"name":"Nazarbayev University","award":["AP09259975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP09259975"]}]},{"name":"Nazarbayev University","award":["23850096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23850096"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to identify the oral microbial signature of Kazakh female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A total of 75 female patients who met the American College of Rheumatology 2010 classification criteria for RA and 114 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced to analyze the microbial composition. We identified significant differences in bacterial diversity and abundance between the RA and control groups, as measured by Shannon (p value = 0.0205) and Simpson (p value = 0.00152) indices. The oral samples from RA patients had higher bacterial diversity than those from non-RA volunteers. The RA samples had a higher relative abundance of Prevotellaceae and Leptotrichiaceae, but a lower content of butyrate and propionate-producing bacteria compared to the control group. The samples from patients in remission had a higher abundance of Treponema sp. and Absconditabacteriales (SR1), whereas those with low disease activity had higher levels of Porphyromonas and those with high RA activity had higher levels of Staphylococcus. A positive correlation was found between the taxa Prevotella_9 and serum levels of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF). The predicted functional pattern of the ACPA+\/RF\u2212 and ACPA+\/RF+ seropositive groups was characterized by increased ascorbate metabolism, degradation of glycosaminoglycans, and reduced biodegradation of xenobiotics. These findings suggest that the functional pattern of the microflora should be considered when selecting a therapeutic strategy for RA in order to provide a personalized approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12113694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T16:17:33Z","timestamp":1685204253000},"page":"3694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Oral Microbial Signature of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Female Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9668-0327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samat","family":"Kozhakhmetov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitriy","family":"Babenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovative Center ArtScience, Astana Z00T3X6, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Argul","family":"Issilbayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine with the Course of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pulmonology, NJSC Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madiyar","family":"Nurgaziyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saniya","family":"Kozhakhmetova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology, Astana Z05K8D5, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assel","family":"Meiramova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine with the Course of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pulmonology, NJSC Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanar","family":"Akhmetova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine with the Course of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pulmonology, NJSC Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0776-3233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanette","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bayan","family":"Ainabekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine with the Course of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pulmonology, NJSC Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Marotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ReGenera R&D International for Aging Intervention, 20144 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almagul","family":"Kushugulova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627986","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.627986","article-title":"A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Relationship Between Different IgG and IgA Anti-Modified Protein Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Liljefors","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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