{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:49:01Z","timestamp":1789516141303,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Spanish Ministry of Health-ISCIII Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (FIS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI19\/01860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Spanish Ministry of Health-ISCIII Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (FIS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FI20\/00290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00290"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Spanish Ministry of Health-ISCIII Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (FIS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B32_17R\/B32_20R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B32_17R\/B32_20R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Spanish Ministry of Health-ISCIII Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (FIS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CP22\/00105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP22\/00105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Diputaci\u00f3n General de Arag\u00f3n-FEDER: European Social Fund","award":["PI19\/01860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01860"]}]},{"name":"Diputaci\u00f3n General de Arag\u00f3n-FEDER: European Social Fund","award":["FI20\/00290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00290"]}]},{"name":"Diputaci\u00f3n General de Arag\u00f3n-FEDER: European Social Fund","award":["B32_17R\/B32_20R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B32_17R\/B32_20R"]}]},{"name":"Diputaci\u00f3n General de Arag\u00f3n-FEDER: European Social Fund","award":["CP22\/00105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP22\/00105"]}]},{"name":"Miguel Servet ISC-III Research Contract","award":["PI19\/01860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01860"]}]},{"name":"Miguel Servet ISC-III Research Contract","award":["FI20\/00290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00290"]}]},{"name":"Miguel Servet ISC-III Research Contract","award":["B32_17R\/B32_20R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B32_17R\/B32_20R"]}]},{"name":"Miguel Servet ISC-III Research Contract","award":["CP22\/00105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP22\/00105"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: PACS1 neurodevelopmental disorder (PACS1-NDD) (MIM# 615009) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, and congenital malformations. Heart disease (HD) is frequently present in individuals with PACS1-NDD, but a compressive review of these anomalies and an evaluation of cardiac function in a cohort of patients are lacking. Methods: (i) Cardiac evaluation in 11 PACS1-NDD patients was conducted using conventional echocardiography. (ii) Heart function was assessed by tissue Doppler imaging, and two-dimensional speckle tracking was performed in seven patients and matched controls. (iii) This systematic review focused on determining HD prevalence in individuals with PACS1-NDD. Results: In our cohort, 7 of 11 patients presented HD. (Among them, three cases of ascending aortic dilatation (AAD) were detected and one mitral valve prolapse (MVP).) None of the patients showed echocardiographic pathological values, and the left global longitudinal strain was not significantly different between patients and controls (patients \u221224.26 \u00b1 5.89% vs. controls \u221220.19 \u00b1 1.75%, p = 0.3176). In the literature review, almost 42% (42\/100) of individuals with PACS1-NDD reportedly experienced HD. Septal defects were the most common malformation, followed by patent ductus arteriosus. Conclusions: Our results show a high prevalence of HD in PACS1-NDD patients; in this way, AAD and MVP are reported for the first time in this syndrome. Furthermore, a detailed cardiac function evaluation in our cohort did not reveal evidence of cardiac dysfunction in individuals with PACS1-NDD. Cardiology evaluation should be included for all individuals with Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12124052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T02:03:19Z","timestamp":1686794599000},"page":"4052","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Heart Disease Characterization and Myocardial Strain Analysis in Patients with PACS1 Neurodevelopmental Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4703-6620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Latorre-Pellicer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3028-6156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Trujillano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics Hospital Vall d\u2019Hebron, E-08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0882-5352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"del Rinc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Pe\u00f1a-Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6858-1575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Gil-Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Lucia-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9962-2157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Arnedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0170-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Puisac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5732-2209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feliciano J.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, Service of Paediatrics, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Lozano Blesa, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0023-8137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariadna","family":"Ayerza-Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Unit of Paediatric Cardiology, Service of Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3203-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Pi\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.10.013","article-title":"Recurrent de novo mutations in PACS1 cause defective cranial-neural-crest migration and define a recognizable intellectual-disability syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Oh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. 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