{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:36Z","timestamp":1787028636635,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["22K16914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K16914"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bone conduction implants (BCIs) and middle ear implants (MEIs) are promising options for individuals with persistent chronic inflammation of the middle or outer ear. However, the structure of the middle ear is often altered in patients who undergo mastoidectomy or posterior wall removal for refractory otitis media, leaving uncertainty regarding the efficacy of hearing devices. Only a few studies have examined auditory outcomes based on the etiology of hearing impairment. We investigated hearing outcomes, including speech audiometry, in patients who underwent implantation after surgery for refractory otitis media. Our findings indicated that patients who received BCIs or MEIs achieved favorable hearing outcomes. Furthermore, a correlation was observed between the preoperative bone-conduction threshold at 1 kHz in the better ear and the sound-field threshold at 1 kHz with BCIs, whereas no correlation was observed between the preoperative bone-conduction threshold and the sound-field threshold with MEIs. This study highlights the positive impact of BCIs and MEIs in patients who undergo implantation after surgery for refractory otitis media. Additionally, our study identified parameters that predict postoperative efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12124086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T02:54:33Z","timestamp":1686884073000},"page":"4086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hearing Outcome and Predictors after Implanting Bone Conduction or Middle Ear Implants in Ears with Refractory Otitis Media"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6263-0070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sho","family":"Kurihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku 105-8461, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kan","family":"Kubuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouken","family":"Shimoara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miyazaki University Hospital Hearing Care Center, Miyazaki 889-1601, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Ganaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Narita 286-0124, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun 903-0125, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuusuke","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7577-7728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuniyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Tono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1728758","article-title":"Cartilage conduction hearing aid fitting in clinical practice","volume":"32","author":"Nishimura","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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Otorhinolaryngol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/12\/4086\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:56:17Z","timestamp":1760126177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/12\/4086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm12124086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12124086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]}}}