{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:36Z","timestamp":1787028636020,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique is an established therapeutic option in the treatment of complex aortic diseases. We report our long-term clinical outcomes after FET repair. A total of 187 consecutive patients underwent FET repair at our department between 8\/2005 and 3\/2023. Indications included acute and chronic aortic dissections and thoracic aneurysms. Endpoints included operative morbidity and mortality, long-term survival, and the need for reinterventions. Operative mortality, spinal cord injury and permanent stroke rates were: 9.6%, 2.7% and 10.2%, respectively. At five years, overall survival was 69.9 \u00b1 3.9% and freedom from aortic-related death was 82.5 \u00b1 3.0%, whereas at ten years, overall survival was 53.0 \u00b1 5.5% and freedom from aortic-related death was 75.8 \u00b1 4.8%. Sixty-one reinterventions on the thoracic aorta were necessary. Freedom from secondary interventions at ten years was 44.7 \u00b1 6.4% overall (63.1 \u00b1 10.0% for acute dissections, 40.8 \u00b1 10.3% for chronic dissections and 28.9 \u00b1 13.1% for aneurysms, respectively). The high reintervention rate for chronic dissections and for aneurysms is related to the pre-existing aortic pathology. Late aortic growth of untreated segments with potentially fatal outcome occurs even after ten years, so careful annual follow-up is mandatory in this patient cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12124143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T01:59:30Z","timestamp":1687226370000},"page":"4143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Long-Term Results with 187 Frozen Elephant Trunk Procedures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Arnold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Geisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-8194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Aschacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Lenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Crailsheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Folkmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieluise","family":"Harrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Moidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Grabenw\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Karl Landsteiner Society, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezy313","article-title":"Current options and recommendations for the treatment of thoracic aortic pathologies involving the aortic arch: An expert consensus document of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic surgery (EACTS) and the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)","volume":"55","author":"Czerny","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. 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Surg."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/12\/4143\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:56:54Z","timestamp":1760126214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/12\/4143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm12124143"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12124143","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]}}}