{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:18:57Z","timestamp":1773832737807,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]],"date-time":"2023-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our objective was to examine serum ferritin trends after conversion to permanent vascular access (PVA) among children who started hemodialysis (HD) using tunneled cuffed catheters (TCC). Retrospective chart reviews were completed on 98 subjects from 20 pediatric HD centers. Serum ferritin levels were collected at the creation of PVA and for two years thereafter. There were 11 (11%) arteriovenous grafts (AVG) and 87 (89%) arteriovenous fistulae (AVF). Their mean TCC use was 10.4 \u00b1 17.3 months. Serum ferritin at PVA creation was elevated at 562.64 \u00b1 492.34 ng\/mL, increased to 753.84 \u00b1 561.54 ng\/mL (p = &lt; 0.001) in the first year and remained at 759.60 \u00b1 528.11 ng\/mL in the second year (p = 0.004). The serum ferritin levels did not show a statistically significant linear association with respective serum hematocrit values. In a multiple linear regression model, there were three predictors of serum ferritin during the first year of follow-up: steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome as primary etiology (p = 0.035), being from a center that enrolled &gt;10 cases (p = 0.049) and baseline serum ferritin level (p = 0.017). Increasing serum ferritin after conversion to PVA is concerning. This increase is not associated with serum hematocrit trends. Future studies should investigate the correlation of serum transferrin saturation and ferritin levels in pediatric HD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T03:14:56Z","timestamp":1687749296000},"page":"4251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Persistent Increase in Serum Ferritin Levels despite Converting to Permanent Vascular Access in Pediatric Hemodialysis Patients: Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ali Mirza","family":"Onder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Batson Children\u2019s Hospital of Mississippi, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Nemours Children\u2019s Hospital, Delaware, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md Abu Yusuf","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Diseases Division, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Grinsell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Primary Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Jetton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, University of Iowa Stead Family Children\u2019s Hospital, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Fathallah-Shaykh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ranch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Aviles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s Hospital New Orleans, LSU Heath School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Copelovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Arkansas Children\u2019s Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vimal","family":"Chadha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayah","family":"Elmaghrabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s Medical Center Dallas, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75235, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jen-Jar","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Brenner Children\u2019s Hospital, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lavjay","family":"Butani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, UC Davis Children\u2019s Hospital, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, UC Davis Children\u2019s Hospital, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6626-8382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivera","family":"Marsenic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Lucile Packard Children\u2019s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Brakeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, UCSF Benioff Children\u2019s Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Quigley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s Medical Center Dallas, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75235, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. Stella","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rouba","family":"Garro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3892-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rupesh","family":"Raina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Akron Children\u2019s Hospital, Akron, OH 44308, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig B.","family":"Langman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Diseases Division, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-003-1214-1","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality in children with anemia at initiation of dialysis","volume":"18","author":"Warady","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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