{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:30:47Z","timestamp":1792211447523,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nanofat is a relatively novel technique in fat grafting that has gained significant interest in the fields of regenerative medicine, aesthetic and translational research. It involves the extraction of autologous fat from a patient, which is then transformed into \u201cnanofat\u201d, consisting of small fat particles with a diameter of less than 0.1 mm and containing high concentrations of stem cells and growth factors. This article focuses on the use of nanofat in facial rejuvenation and its potential for lipomodelling. Fat tissue is a \u201cstem cell depot\u201d and nanofat contains many stem cells that can differentiate into various cell types. The Lipogem technology, developed in 2013, enables the isolation of nanofat with an intact perivascular structure, utilizing the high concentration of mesenchymal stromal cells near the pericytes of the adipose vascular system. Nowadays nanofat is used primarily for cosmetic purposes particularly in rejuvenating and improving the appearance of the skin, especially the face. Indeed, it has wide applicability; it can be used to treat fine lines, wrinkles, acne scars, sun-damaged skin, scar repair, and as an alopecia treatment. However, further studies are needed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of this technique. In conclusion, nanofat is a safe and minimally invasive option for tissue regeneration with considerable therapeutic potential. This study reviews the application and effects of nanofat in regenerative medicine and facial cosmetic surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T01:15:47Z","timestamp":1688001347000},"page":"4351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Nanofat in Plastic Reconstructive, Regenerative, and Aesthetic Surgery: A Review of Advancements in Face-Focused Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-9024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"La Padula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Henri Mondor Hospital, University Paris, XII, 51 Avenue du Mar\u00e9chal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Ponzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariagiovanna","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Iazzetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5526-1824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Concetta","family":"Errico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Polverino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1964-4899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"D\u2019Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Hersant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Henri Mondor Hospital, University Paris, XII, 51 Avenue du Mar\u00e9chal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Meningaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Henri Mondor Hospital, University Paris, XII, 51 Avenue du Mar\u00e9chal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94000 Cr\u00e9teil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3947-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Salzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosita","family":"Pensato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anplas.2018.07.005","article-title":"Adipose mesenchymal stromal cells: Definition, immunomodulatory properties, me-chanical isolation and interest for plastic surgery","volume":"64","author":"Bertheuil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. 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