{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:10:06Z","timestamp":1782259806717,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,5]],"date-time":"2023-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K08138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K08138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) may progress to the dilated phase (DHCM). This study aimed to identify the predictive factors for DHCM progression, including left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF &lt; 50%) or decreased LV contraction (LVEF &lt; 60%). The study included 291 patients enrolled in our hospital\u2019s HCM registry who were grouped based on their poststudy LVEF (LVEF of \u226560%, 50\u201359%, and &lt;50%). Predictive factors of an LVEF of &lt;50% or &lt;60% were determined. Further, the effects of percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) on long-term systolic LV function and DHCM development were investigated. LVEF was \u226560%, 50\u201359%, and &lt;50% in 239, 33, and 19 patients, respectively, during the follow-up period (mean: 64.9 months). Multivariate analyses indicated baseline atrial fibrillation (AF), nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), and left ventricular diameter at end-systole (LVDs) as significant predictors of DHCM. Using a scoring method based on AF, NSVT, and LVDs, patients with 2 and 3 points had a significantly higher risk of developing DHCM. PTSMA in 78 HCM patients demonstrated no significant effect on long-term LVEF changes or DHCM development. We concluded that AF, NSVT, and LVDs are significant predictors of DHCM development. However, a validation study with a larger population is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12155137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,5]],"date-time":"2023-08-05T10:25:36Z","timestamp":1691231136000},"page":"5137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Predictive Factors for Decreasing Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Progression to the Dilated Phase of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kakeru","family":"Ishihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7320-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Imori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukichi","family":"Tokita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3469-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuniya","family":"Asai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8821-4884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Takano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1710575","article-title":"Clinical course and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"379","author":"Maron","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. 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