{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:06:53Z","timestamp":1788545213804,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2022R1F1A1072918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1F1A1072918"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) has a poor prognosis because of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection. This is most closely related to severe inflammation in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve due to VZV infection or reactivation. This study investigated whether there were differences in the prognosis and accompanying symptoms of facial paralysis based on the presence or absence of VZV IgM and IgG antibodies. This study was conducted as a retrospective chart analysis of 105 patients with RHS who were admitted to our hospital between 2015 and 2021. The House\u2013Brackmann (HB) grade and electroneurography (ENoG) was used to evaluate the degree of facial paralysis. Patients\u2019 subjective symptoms were evaluated by dividing them into dizziness, tinnitus, hyperacusis, and hearing loss. No difference was observed in the initial HB grade with or without IgM; however, the final HB grade was significantly higher in IgM-positive patients than in IgM-negative patients (p &lt; 0.05). Further, when IgM was positive, the value of the orbicularis oculi muscle in the ENoG test results was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05), and symptoms of tinnitus and hyperacusis occurred more frequently (p &lt; 0.05). The initial and final HB grades were significantly higher in IgG-positive patients than in IgG-negative patients (p &lt; 0.05). When IgG was positive, the values of nasalis and oris muscles in the ENoG test results were significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05), and symptoms of dizziness occurred more frequently (p &lt; 0.05). This study confirmed that the more active the immunological action of the VZV in the body, the greater the damage to the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves, which are associated with the degree of facial paralysis and the accompanying otologic symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12155164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T12:38:59Z","timestamp":1691498339000},"page":"5164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association between Serum Varicella-Zoster Virus IgM and IgG and Prognosis of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Seok Hwan","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwa Sung","family":"Rim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-1024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Geun","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5045-5060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2011.10.001","article-title":"Clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Ryu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. 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Virol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/15\/5164\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:27:31Z","timestamp":1760128051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/12\/15\/5164"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm12155164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12155164","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]}}}