{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:53:22Z","timestamp":1789779202791,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Our study aimed to gain insights into patient characteristics, outcomes and treatment strategies in CS patients. Patients with CS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2017 and 2021 were identified in a nationwide registry. Data on medical history, laboratory values, angiographic features and outcomes were retrospectively assessed. A total of 2328 patients with a mean age of 66 years and of whom 73% were male, were included. Mortality at 30 days was 39% for the entire cohort. Non-survivors presented with a lower mean blood pressure and increased heart rate, blood lactate and blood glucose levels (p-value for all &lt;0.001). Also, an increased prevalence of diabetes, multivessel coronary artery disease and a prior coronary event were found. Of all patients, 24% received mechanical circulatory support, of which the majority was via intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs). Furthermore, 79% of patients were treated with at least one vasoactive agent, and multivessel PCI was performed in 28%. In conclusion, a large set of hemodynamic, biochemical and patient-related characteristics was identified to be associated with mortality. Interestingly, multivessel PCI and IABPs were frequently applied despite a lack of evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T05:43:12Z","timestamp":1691732592000},"page":"5221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Characteristics, Treatment Strategies and Outcome in Cardiogenic Shock Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Contemporary Dutch Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Elma J.","family":"Peters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanne ten","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margriet","family":"Bogerd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2442-5770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marijke J. C.","family":"Timmermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Heart Registration, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriaan O.","family":"Kraaijeveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen J. H.","family":"Bunge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Teeuwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Department of Interventional Cardiology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, 5623 EJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Lipsic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krischan D.","family":"Sjauw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Medical Center Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert-Jan M. van","family":"Geuns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Admir","family":"Dedic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Clinics, 1815 JD Alkmaar, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martijn","family":"Meuwissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Amphia Hospital, 4818 CK Breda, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Danse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital, 6815 AD Arnhem, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels J. W.","family":"Verouden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabe","family":"Bleeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Haga Hospital, 2545 AA The Hague, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M. Montero","family":"Cabezas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irlando A.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Isala Hospital, 8025 AB Zwolle, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie E.","family":"Engstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2784-1961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wim K.","family":"Lagrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luuk C.","family":"Otterspoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Catharina Hospital, 5623 EJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3453-7186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander P. J.","family":"Vlaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8969-7929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 P. S.","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Participating Centers of the PCI Registration Committee of the Netherlands Heart Registration","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904153401504","article-title":"Temporal trends in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction","volume":"340","author":"Goldberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. 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