{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T02:28:19Z","timestamp":1778898499135,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["15K20276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K20276"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["15K08214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K08214"]}]},{"name":"Nara Medical University Grant-in-Aid","award":["15K20276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K20276"]}]},{"name":"Nara Medical University Grant-in-Aid","award":["15K08214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K08214"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although decreased macular pigment density is associated with the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), exactly how this decrease may contribute to the development of AMD is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). MPOD was measured using MPS II (Electron Technology, Cambridge, UK) in 137 participants who showed no clinical signs of AMD at 3 months after cataract surgery, and simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the associations with age, sex, abdominal circumference, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, intraocular lens color, visual acuity before and after surgery, and eGFR. The participants were divided into two groups based on the median MPOD (0.58): the high-pigment and low-pigment groups. The mean value of eGFR in the high-pigment group was significantly higher than that in the low-pigment group (64.2 vs. 58.1, p = 0.02). The simple linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between MPOD and eGFR (\u03b2 = 0.0034, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0011\u20130.0056, p = 0.0038), and this association was independent of age, sex, abdominal circumference, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before surgery, BCVA after surgery, and intraocular lens color (\u03b2 = 0.0033, 95% CI: 0.00090\u20130.0058, p = 0.0076). These results show a strong association of renal dysfunction with the decrease in MPOD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T11:15:08Z","timestamp":1692098108000},"page":"5312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Positive Association between Macular Pigment Optical Density and Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Tsujinaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keigo","family":"Saeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Obayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomo","family":"Nishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nahoko","family":"Ogata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1996.0210","article-title":"Distribution of lutein and zeaxanthin stereoisomers in the human retina","volume":"64","author":"Bone","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. 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